Table 1.

Effect of flavonolignans on motility of larvae expressed as motility score. The intensity and mode of larval movement was evaluated over three days of cultivation under aerobic and hypoxic conditions under an inverted microscope. Normal motility is seen at 37 °C as moderate contractions of larval bodies in the anterior-posterior or dorsal-ventral directions.

Tested Compounds	Concentration (μM)	Aerobic Cultivation			Hypoxic Cultivation
		Motility Score/Days of Cultivation
		Day 1	Day 2	Day 3	Day 1	Day 2	Day 3
Control	-	3+	3+	3+	3+	3+	3+
SB	5	2+	2+	2+	3+	3+	3+
	50	2+	2+	2+	2+	2+	2+
SCH	5	2+	2+	2+	2+	2+	2+
	50	1+/2+	1+/2+	1+/2+	1+/2+	1+/2+	1+/2+
DHSB	5	1+	1+	1+	1+/2+	1+	1+
	50	4+	4+	4+	1+	1+	0.5+

3+ motility of untreated larvae having typically 5–10 contractions of the whole body per min. 0.5+ minimal movement in the majority of extremely elongated larvae, 1+ low frequency (2–4/min) of shortening/elongation of normal larval bodies in only part of larval tissue, 2+ more frequent contractions of whole larval bodies (3–7/min) in majority of larvae, 4+ intense movement in the form of bending and rotating of the bodies of permanently elongated larvae, which were only capable of minimal shortening/elongation in the anterior-posterior direction. (SB) silybin; (SCH) silychristin; (DHSB) dehydrosilybin.