Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants according to prior hypoglycemic events
| Severe Hypoglycemia | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| □ | NO | YES | |
| N (%) | 1,498,416 (99.3) | 10,864 (0.7) | |
| Age (year-old) | 54.9 ± 10.9 | 61.3 ± 9.6 | <0.001 |
| Age (≥55 year-old) (%) | 775,460 (51.8) | 8,213 (75.6) | <0.001 |
| Sex (male)(%) | 957,587 (63.9) | 5,600 (51.6) | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 162.9 ± 9.0 | 159.6 ± 9.1 | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 66.5 ± 11.2 | 61.5 ± 10.9 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.0 ± 3.3 | 24.1 ± 3.5 | <0.001 |
| BMI (≥ 25 kg/m2) (%) | 719,520 (48.0) | 4,171 (38.4) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 130.7 ± 17.0 | 130.7 ± 17.9 | 0.9919 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 80.5 ± 10.8 | 78.8 ± 10.7 | <0.001 |
| Current smoking (%) | 412,025 (27.5) | 2,051 (18.9) | <0.001 |
| Drinker (heavy) (%) | 74,598 (5.0) | 486 (4.47) | 0.0159 |
| Exercise (yes) (%) | 759,217 (50.7) | 4,802 (44.2) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (yes) (%) | 798,214 (53.3) | 7,251 (66.7) | <0.001 |
| Low economic status (%) | 397,663 (26.5) | 2,838 (26.1) | 0.328 |
| Rural area (%) | 872,444 (55.6) | 6,716 (62.5) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 471,195 (31.5) | 3,853 (35.5) | <0.001 |
| Heart failure (%) | 33,280 (2.2) | 769 (7.1) | <0.001 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 23,035 (1.5) | 706 (6.5) | <0.001 |
| Ischemic stroke (%) | 83,825 (5.6) | 1,971 (18.1) | <0.001 |
| End stage renal disease (%) | 1,746 (0.1) | 250 (2.3) | <0.001 |
| Hyperthyroidism (%) | 54,969 (3.7) | 805 (7.4) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 201.4 ± 43.0 | 191.2 ± 45.6 | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 149.6 ± 51.6 | 145.4 ± 67.7 | <0.001 |
| Antidiabetic therapy | |||
| Insulin (%) | 94,582 (6.3) | 3,224 (29.7) | <0.001 |
| Sulfonylurea (%) | 661,037 (44.1) | 7,037 (64.8) | <0.001 |
| Metformin (%) | 504,599 (33.7) | 5,785 (53.3) | <0.001 |
Data are mean ± SD or number (%). BMI, body mass index