Table 1.

Baseline Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor by Demographics and Clinical History

	n/N	Geometric Mean	Mean (SD) loge(sVEGF)	Standardized Mean Differences∗ (Cohen's d)
Age				0.09
50–74 years	194/581	160	5.07 (0.85)
75+ years	387/581	172	5.15 (0.83)
Gender				0.16
Male	235/581	155	5.05 (0.91)
Female	346/581	177	5.18 (0.78)
Smoking status				<0.001
Ever smoked	366/575	168	5.12 (0.87)
Never smoked	209/575	168	5.12 (0.76)
History of heart failure				0.06
Yes	113/579	176	5.17 (0.77)
No	466/579	167	5.12 (0.85)
History of myocardial infarction				0.23
Yes	45/581	141	4.95 (0.99)
No	536/581	170	5.14 (0.82)
History of TIA or stroke				0.20
Yes	40/552	143	4.96 (0.97)
No	512/552	169	5.13 (0.83)
History of DVT or PE				0.34
Yes	31/580	220	5.39 (0.89)
No	549/580	166	5.11 (0.83)
Diabetes				0.04
Yes	59/580	163	5.09 (0.89)
No	521/580	169	5.13 (0.83)

DVT = deep vein thrombosis; PE = pulmonary embolism; SD = standard deviation; sVEGF = serum vascular endothelial growth factor; TIA = transient ischemic attack.

^∗Calculated on the log_e scale.