Table 1.
Characteristics of Children Infected With P. falciparum
| Characteristic | All subjects | All P. falciparum infections* | pfhrp2-deleted P. falciparum | p** |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (weighted prevalence [95% CI]) | 7,137 | 2752 (34.8 [32.3 – 37.4]) | 149 (6.4 [5.1 – 8.0]) | — |
| Age in months, median (IQR) | 32 (19 – 46) | 36 (23 – 48) | 31 (14 – 45) | 0.0007 |
| Female sex, n (weighted proportion) | 3568 (49.9) | 1340 (49.0) | 67 (48.4) | 0.92 |
| Microscopy positive, n (weighted proportion) | -- | 1695 (58.7) | 18 (9.7) | <0.0001 |
| Fever in last 2 weeks, n (weighted proportion)& | 2094 (0.32) | 934 (39.8) | 27 (18.5) | 0.0004 |
| Province, n (weighted prevalence [95% CI]) | ||||
| Kinshasa | 362 | 92 (25.6 [19.9,32.1]) | 20 (21.9 [13.9,32.8]) | + |
| Kwango | 308 | 67 (19.4 [13.3,27.4]) | 9 (12.8 [5.4,27.4]) | -- |
| Kwilu | 360 | 70 (18.9 [14.0,24.9]) | 6 (3.0 [1.1,8.2]) | -- |
| Mai-Ndombe | 272 | 116 (44.0 [31.9,56.8]) | 4 (9.6 [2.6,29.6]) | -- |
| Kongo Central | 321 | 148 (43.1 [31.6,55.4]) | 6 (4.2 [1.5,11.7]) | -- |
| Equateur | 198 | 57 (23.6 [11.4,42.5]) | 3 (2.8 [0.4,18.7]) | -- |
| Mongala | 255 | 74 (36.6 [28.3,45.7]) | 5 (4.4 [0.9,19.0]) | -- |
| Nord-Ubangi | 231 | 143 (61.5 [46.6,74.6]) | 5 (5.3[1.7,15.9]) | -- |
| Sud-Ubangi | 276 | 86 (29.5 [23.6,36.2]) | 7 (12.4 [5.4,26.1]) | -- |
| Tshuapa | 205 | 56 (26.3 [16.4,39.5]) | 5 (8.1 [2.7,22.1]) | -- |
| Kasai | 310 | 118 (34.5 [20.9,51.2]) | 2 (1.3 [0.3,5.1]) | -- |
| Kasai-Central | 327 | 155 (50.9 [42.1,59.7]) | 3 (3.4 [1.2,9.2]) | -- |
| Kasai-Oriental | 255 | 106 (36.4 [22.8,52.6]) | 3 (3.2 [0.9,11.1]) | -- |
| Lomami | 351 | 221 (63.6 [52.7,73.3]) | 5 (1.8 [0.5,5.9]) | -- |
| Sankuru | 194 | 68 (26.4 [12.2,48.0]) | 6 (14.8 [5.6,33.8]) | -- |
| Haut-Katanga | 236 | 81 (31.7 [19.1,47.8]) | 3 (3.5 [1.1,10.5]) | -- |
| Haut-Lomami | 261 | 99 (42.8 [34.0,52.2]) | 3 (3.7 [1.0,12.5]) | -- |
| Lualaba | 176 | 87 (44.9 [30.8,59.9]) | 2 (5.7 [1.1,25.5]) | -- |
| Tanganyka | 245 | 157 (61.7 [45.1,75.9]) | 3 (1.7 [0.3,9.5]) | -- |
| Maniema | 349 | 182 (50.6 [38.0,63.1]) | 13 (4.6 [2.1,10.0]) | -- |
| Nord-Kivu | 426 | 72 (12.2 [8.5,17.3]) | 12 (15.5 [7.5,29.4]) | + |
| Bas-Uele | 180 | 109 (68.2 [54.9,79.1]) | 1 (0.2[0,1.8]) | -- |
| Haut-Uele | 170 | 87 (57.5 [46.6,67.7]) | 0 (0[NA]) | -- |
| Ituri | 255 | 122 (43.7 [30.6,57.8]) | 9 (11.5 [6.4,19.7]) | + |
| Tshopo | 225 | 106 (45.3 [36.3,54.6]) | 6 (4.5 [1.5,12.3]) | -- |
| Sud-Kivu | 389 | 73 (14.2 [9.8,20.0]) | 8 (18.3 [7.1,39.9]) | + |
* Diagnosed by real-time PCR targeting the pfldh gene during initial screening, as previously described [19].
** Comparing pfhrp2-deleted to non-deleted P. falciparum.
&Fever in the last 2 weeks based on survey response.
+Provinces with geographical clustering of pfhrp2-deleted P. falciparum by Bayesian spatial cluster analysis.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; IQR, interquartile range; NA, not applicable.