Table 1.
Demographic and drug use characteristics
| Chronic pain, % | |
|---|---|
| (N = 502) | |
| Demographic characteristics | |
| Male | 55.1 |
| Older than age 30 y | 32.5 |
| Caucasian | 80.3 |
| Never married | 38.8 |
| Employed | 85.5 |
| Health Insurance | 90.6 |
| Substance use (past 30 days) | |
| Alcohol | 53.7 |
| Any illicit drug use | 40.8 |
| Cannabis | 31.3 |
| Prescription opioids* | 22.5 |
| Other psychotherapeutics*† | 21.0 |
| Cocaine | 5.4 |
| Methamphetamine | 5.0 |
| Hallucinogens | 3.9 |
| Heroin | 3.5 |
| Lifetime injection drug use | 10.4 |
| Opioid-related measures | |
| SOAPP-R score ≥7 | 61.9 |
| COMM score ≥9 | 66.1 |
| DSM-5 mild OUD | 20.7 |
| DSM-5 moderate OUD | 11.4 |
| DSM-5 severe OUD | 22.9 |
*
Values represent illicit use, use outside of a prescription, or nonprescribed use for the purpose of getting high.
†
Defined as prescription stimulants or benzodiazepines.
COMM = Current Opioid Misuse Measure; OUD = Opioid Use Disorder; SOAPP-R = Screener and Opioid Assessment for Patients with Pain.