Table 4.
Racial/ethnic disparities of demographic, clinical, epidemiological, and QoL risk factors
| White | African American | Hispanic | Asian/ Pacific | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | P* |
| Age, y | |||||
| <45 | 1453 (0.19) | 261 (0.24) | 400 (0.29) | 155 (0.3) | <.001 |
| 45–54 | 2262 (0.29) | 371 (0.34) | 455 (0.33) | 173 (0.33) | |
| 55–64 | 2152 (0.28) | 247 (0.23) | 349 (0.25) | 113 (0.22) | |
| ≥65 | 1853 (0.24) | 213 (0.2) | 172 (0.13) | 78 (0.15) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||
| <25 | 2946 (0.39) | 151 (0.14) | 395 (0.29) | 283 (0.55) | <.001 |
| 25–29.9 | 2335 (0.31) | 302 (0.28) | 467 (0.34) | 159 (0.31) | |
| ≥30 | 2281 (0.3) | 610 (0.57) | 497 (0.37) | 69 (0.14) | |
| Menopausal status | |||||
| Pre | 2306 (0.3) | 345 (0.32) | 569 (0.41) | 250 (0.48) | <.001 |
| Peri | 228 (0.03) | 26 (0.02) | 35 (0.03) | 12 (0.02) | |
| Post | 5179 (0.67) | 721 (0.66) | 771 (0.56) | 257 (0.5) | |
| Cancer detection mode | |||||
| Screens | 3864 (0.5) | 479 (0.44) | 549 (0.4) | 224 (0.43) | <.001 |
| Symptom | 3845 (0.5) | 613 (0.56) | 825 (0.6) | 295 (0.57) | |
| Stage | |||||
| I | 3864 (0.5) | 453 (0.41) | 582 (0.42) | 239 (0.46) | <.001 |
| II | 2933 (0.38) | 461 (0.42) | 576 (0.42) | 213 (0.41) | |
| III | 923 (0.12) | 178 (0.16) | 218 (0.16) | 67 (0.13) | |
| Nuclear grade | |||||
| I or II | 4390 (0.58) | 385 (0.36) | 703 (0.52) | 287 (0.55) | <.001 |
| III | 3223 (0.42) | 696 (0.64) | 656 (0.48) | 231 (0.45) | |
| Histology | |||||
| Ductal | 6039 (0.78) | 932 (0.85) | 1113 (0.81) | 424 (0.82) | <.001 |
| Lobular | 729 (0.09) | 79 (0.07) | 113 (0.08) | 38 (0.07) | |
| Mixed ductal/lobular | 569 (0.07) | 37 (0.03) | 90 (0.07) | 28 (0.05) | |
| Other | 383 (0.05) | 44 (0.04) | 60 (0.04) | 29 (0.06) | |
| Tumor size, cm | |||||
| 0–1 | 2219 (0.3) | 299 (0.29) | 323 (0.25) | 158 (0.32) | <.001 |
| 1–2 | 2925 (0.4) | 345 (0.34) | 487 (0.38) | 159 (0.32) | |
| 2–3 | 1129 (0.15) | 185 (0.18) | 252 (0.19) | 89 (0.18) | |
| 3–4 | 452 (0.06) | 82 (0.08) | 94 (0.07) | 36 (0.07) | |
| 4–5 | 211 (0.03) | 36 (0.04) | 45 (0.03) | 18 (0.04) | |
| 5+ | 404 (0.06) | 73 (0.07) | 96 (0.07) | 30 (0.06) | |
| No. of positive nodes | |||||
| 0 | 4501 (0.59) | 569 (0.52) | 741 (0.54) | 290 (0.56) | <.001 |
| 1 or 2 | 1700 (0.22) | 259 (0.24) | 314 (0.23) | 127 (0.25) | |
| 3 or 4 | 573 (0.08) | 97 (0.09) | 129 (0.09) | 40 (0.08) | |
| 5–8 | 424 (0.06) | 72 (0.07) | 91 (0.07) | 35 (0.07) | |
| 9–19 | 349 (0.05) | 76 (0.07) | 75 (0.05) | 21 (0.04) | |
| ≥20 | 92 (0.01) | 13 (0.01) | 22 (0.02) | 3 (0.01) | |
| Lymph or vascular invasion | |||||
| No | 5959 (0.77) | 831 (0.76) | 1027 (0.75) | 392 (0.76) | .14 |
| Yes | 1739 (0.23) | 258 (0.24) | 348 (0.25) | 126 (0.24) | |
| Breast cancer receptor subtype | |||||
| HR-positive | 5100 (0.74) | 594 (0.6) | 864 (0.68) | 340 (0.71) | <.001 |
| HER2-positive | 984 (0.14) | 157 (0.16) | 253 (0.2) | 86 (0.18) | |
| Triple-negative | 824 (0.12) | 232 (0.24) | 160 (0.13) | 53 (0.11) | |
| Chemotherapy | |||||
| No | 3062 (0.4) | 330 (0.3) | 393 (0.29) | 180 (0.35) | <.001 |
| Yes | 4658 (0.6) | 762 (0.7) | 983 (0.71) | 339 (0.65) | |
| Adjuvant hormone therapy | |||||
| No | 2125 (0.28) | 449 (0.41) | 389 (0.28) | 139 (0.27) | <.001 |
| Yes | 5595 (0.72) | 643 (0.59) | 987 (0.72) | 380 (0.73) | |
| Radiotherapy | |||||
| No | 2685 (0.35) | 336 (0.31) | 488 (0.35) | 187 (0.36) | .04 |
| Yes | 5035 (0.65) | 756 (0.69) | 888 (0.65) | 332 (0.64) | |
| Personal cancer history | |||||
| No | 5482 (0.91) | 891 (0.98) | 1120 (0.97) | 447 (0.98) | <.001 |
| Yes | 550 (0.09) | 18 (0.02) | 31 (0.03) | 8 (0.02) | |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 3639 (0.59) | 646 (0.69) | 842 (0.72) | 426 (0.92) | <.001 |
| Former | 1965 (0.32) | 202 (0.21) | 236 (0.2) | 27 (0.06) | |
| Current | 590 (0.1) | 93 (0.1) | 84 (0.07) | 12 (0.03) | |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||
| No | 2732 (0.44) | 580 (0.62) | 718 (0.62) | 376 (0.82) | <.001 |
| Yes | 3447 (0.56) | 353 (0.38) | 444 (0.38) | 84 (0.18) | |
| Family history of any cancer* | |||||
| No | 2716 (0.43) | 466 (0.49) | 669 (0.56) | 297 (0.63) | <.001 |
| Yes | 3566 (0.57) | 485 (0.51) | 516 (0.44) | 175 (0.37) | |
| Family history of breast cancer* | |||||
| No | 5161 (0.82) | 773 (0.81) | 1006 (0.85) | 414 (0.88) | .002 |
| Yes | 1121 (0.18) | 178 (0.19) | 179 (0.15) | 58 (0.12) | |
| PCS score | |||||
| High | 1895 (0.50) | 168 (0.31) | 275 (0.42) | 143 (0.50) | <.001 |
| Medium | 1450 (0.38) | 262 (0.50) | 267 (0.41) | 120 (0.42) | |
| Low | 483(0.13) | 104 (0.19) | 113 (0.17) | 25 (0.09) | |
| MCS score | |||||
| High | 290 (0.08) | 68 (0.13) | 56 (0.09) | 34 (0.12) | .001 |
| Medium | 2611 (0.68) | 333 (0.62) | 415 (0.63) | 190 (0.66) | |
| Low | 927 (0.24) | 133 (0.25) | 184 (0.28) | 64 (0.22) | |
*
Chi-square test (two-sided). BMI = body mass index; HER2 = human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; HR = hormone receptor; MCS = mental component summary; PCS = physical component summary; QoL = quality of life.