Table 1. DNA and gene content of human chromosomes.
| Chromosome | Approximate length (bp) | Protein-coding genes | Non-protein coding genes | Pseudogenes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 248956422 | 2047 | 1964 | 1233 |
| 2 | 242193529 | 1303 | 1605 | 1033 |
| 3 | 198295559 | 1075 | 1160 | 768 |
| 4 | 190214555 | 753 | 984 | 732 |
| 5 | 181538259 | 881 | 1200 | 710 |
| 6 | 170805979 | 1041 | 989 | 803 |
| 7 | 159345973 | 989 | 977 | 893 |
| 8 | 145138636 | 670 | 1041 | 629 |
| 9 | 138394717 | 778 | 786 | 678 |
| 10 | 133797422 | 728 | 880 | 568 |
| 11 | 135086622 | 1312 | 1053 | 815 |
| 12 | 133275309 | 1036 | 1197 | 627 |
| 13 | 114364328 | 321 | 586 | 378 |
| 14 | 107043718 | 820 | 857 | 519 |
| 15 | 101991189 | 613 | 986 | 513 |
| 16 | 90338345 | 867 | 1033 | 467 |
| 17 | 83257441 | 1185 | 1198 | 531 |
| 18 | 80373285 | 269 | 608 | 246 |
| 19 | 58617616 | 1474 | 895 | 514 |
| 20 | 64444167 | 543 | 594 | 250 |
| 21 | 46709983 | 231 | 403 | 183 |
| 22 | 50818468 | 492 | 513 | 332 |
| X | 156040895 | 843 | 640 | 872 |
| Y | 57227415 | 63 | 108 | 392 |
| Mitochondrial | 16569 | 13 | 24 |
Note that although these numbers seem very precise they should be taken as indicative only, since (i) chromosomes of each individual will vary from the reference sequence, and (ii) the human reference genome sequence is continuously updated with corrections (the data here are from GRCh38.p12, which represents a particular ‘build’ of the human genome). Note that the data for the acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, 22 does not include the shared ribosomal DNA array repeats present on the p arms (see Figure 2). Data from Ensembl, June 2018.