Table 1.
Demographic, reproductive history and other lifestyle characteristics among men attending a fertility center in Boston between 2000 and 2017.
| Sample size |
Total cohort median (IQR) or N (%) |
Change per year β, p-value |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, years | 936 | 35.7 (32.7, 39.6) | 0.04 | 0.26 |
| Race, % White | 936 | 798 (85) | 0.02 | 0.26 |
| Ever smoked, % | 936 | 290 (31) | −0.02 | 0.25 |
| Reproductive characteristics | ||||
| Previous infertility exam (yes), % | 915 | 514 (56) | −0.17 | <.0001 |
| Ever made partner pregnant (yes), % | 906 | 358 (40) | 0.01 | 0.37 |
| Varicocele (yes), % | 786 | 77(10) | 0.02 | 0.42 |
| Abstinence time, days | 1,618 | 2.42 (2.00, 3.33) | −0.10 | <.0001 |
| Nutritional factors | ||||
| BMI, kg/m2 | 936 | 27.1 (24.8, 29.9) | 0.01 | 0.65 |
| Physical activity, hrs/day | 436 | 4.00 (0.27, 9.34) | 0.17 | 0.31 |
| Prudent patterna | 276 | −0.20 (−0.72, 0.56) | 0.04 | 0.09 |
| Western patterna | 276 | −0.14 (−0.64, 0.54) | −0.02 | 0.33 |
| Alcohol intake, g/day | 276 | 9.64 (3.07, 19.7) | −0.03 | 0.94 |
| Caffeine intake, mg/day | 276 | 160 (71.2, 271) | 2.40 | 0.40 |
| Environmental factors | ||||
| Urinary concentrations, ng/mL: | ||||
| BPA | 1,108 | 1.12 (0.67,2.00) | −0.06 | 0.07 |
| MPB | 1,066 | 20.3 (8.70, 63.8) | 1.34 | 0.53 |
| PPB | 1,066 | 1.84 (0.52, 10.5) | −0.29 | 0.40 |
| mEP | 1,378 | 52.3 (19.5, 170) | −29.8 | <.0001 |
| mBP | 1,378 | 10.3 (5.6, 17.9) | −3.59 | 0.18 |
| miBP | 1,023 | 6.34 (3.50, 11.1) | 0.55 | 0.0007 |
| mCPP | 1,023 | 2.70 (1.31, 6.98) | 0.72 | 0.19 |
| mBzP | 1,378 | 3.67 (1.80, 7.22) | −0.63 | <.0001 |
| mEHP | 1,378 | 2.66 (1.12, 7.00) | −1.76 | <.0001 |
| mEHHP | 1,154 | 13.3 (6.44, 32.9) | −11.7 | <.0001 |
| mEOHP | 1,154 | 7.93 (3.82, 20.1) | −7.38 | <.0001 |
| mECPP | 931 | 17.6 (9.00, 39.1) | −20.0 | <.0001 |
Abbreviations: BMI, Body Mass Index; BPA, bisphenol A; BPB, methylparaben; PPB, propylparaben; mBP, mono-n-butyl phthalate; miBP, mono-isobutyl phthalate; mEP, monoethyl phthalate; mBzP, monobenzyl phthalate; mEHP, mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate; mEHHP, mono-2-etliyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate; mEOHP, mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl phthalate; mECPP, mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phtlialate; mCPP, mono-3-carboxypropyl phtlialate.
a
The dietary patterns do not have units since they are calculated using principal component analysis (Gaskins et a., 2012).