Table 1.
Characteristics of 6,814 observations (3,996 participants) from the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation cohorts.
| Characteristicsa | Offspring cohort | Third Generation cohort | Overall | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cycle 7 | Cycle 8 | Cycle 1 | Cycle 2 | ||
| Number of participants | 1,844 | 1,560 | 1,817 | 1,593 | 6,8 14 |
| Age, years | 61.6 ± 9.53 | 67.3 ± 9.15 | 40.1 ± 8.86 | 46.5 ± 8.55 | 53.6 ± 14.2 |
| Women | 985 (53.4%) | 844 (54.1%) | 968 (53.3%) | 852 (53.5%) | 3649 (53.6%) |
| Educational attainmentb | |||||
| High school or less | 665 (36.1%) | 554 (35.5%) | 265 (14.6%) | 230 (14.4%) | 1714 (25.2%) |
| College | 562 (30.5%) | 486 (31.2%) | 575 (31.7%) | 481 (30.2%) | 2104 (30.9%) |
| Higher than college | 587 (31.8%) | 520 (33.3%) | 973 (53.6%) | 881 (55.3%) | 2961 (43.5%) |
| Nonsmoker | 793 (43.0%) | 670 (43.0%) | 1254 (69.0%) | 1046 (65.7%) | 3763 (55.2%) |
| Former smoker | 1051 (57.0%) | 890 (57.1%) | 563 (31.0%) | 547 (34.3%) | 3051 (44.8%) |
| Pack years | 14.0 ± 20.5 | 14.0 ± 20.5 | 3.51 ± 8.91 | 4.63 ± 10.2 | 9.02 ± 16.8 |
| Alcohol intake, drink/eek | 4.49 ± 7.02 | 3.98 ± 6.65 | 4.28 ± 6.20 | 4.49 ± 6.13 | 4.32 ± 6.52 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.4 ± 5.33 | 28.6 ± 5.45 | 27.1 ± 5.62 | 28.2 ± 5.75 | 28.1 ± 5.57 |
| MPOc, ng/mL | 40.7 ± 22.6 | - | - | - | 40.7 ± 22.6 |
| 8-epi-PGF2αc, ng/mmol creatinine | 111 ± 63.6 | 106 ± 74.9 | - | - | 109 ± 69.7 |
| CRPc, mg/L | 2.27 ± 2.53 | 1.68 ± 1.79 | 1.11 ± 1.38 | 1.40 ± 1.51 | 1.56 ± 1.82 |
| Fibrinogenc, mg/dL | 372 ± 71.9 | - | 331 ± 66.1 | - | 351 ± 72.0 |
| ICAM-1c, ng/mL | 245 ± 58.0 | 291 ± 91.4 | 240 ± 57.8 | - | 256 ± 70.6 |
| Interleukin-6c, pg/mL | - | 2.01 ± 1.50 | 1.37 ± 0.909 | - | 1.63 ± 1.19 |
| MCP-1c, pg/mL | 312±104 | 374±116 | 331±110 | - | 336±113 |
| P-selectinc, ng/mL | 35.2 ± 13.3 | 39.1 ± 12.6 | 45.4 ± 16.8 | - | 39.7 ± 14.9 |
| TNF-αc, pg/mL | 1.28 ± 0.639 | - | - | - | 1.28 ± 0.639 |
| TNFR-2c, pg/mL | 2082 ± 664 | 2555 ±926 | 2180±524 | - | 2251±720 |
| Gross beta radioactivityd, x10-3 pCi/m3 | 7.97 ± 2.23 | 6.60 ± 1.69 | 8.23 ± 2.45 | 6.80 ± 2.06 | 7.45 ± 2.26 |
| PM2.5d, μg/m3 | 10.6 ± 5.26 | 9.10 ± 5.39 | 10.9 ± 7.10 | 7.83 ± 4.49 | 9.68 ± 5.81 |
Note: BMI, body mass index; MPO, myeloperoxidase; 8-epi-PGF2α, 8-epi-prostaglandin F2α; CRP, C-reactive protein; ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor receptor-a; TNFR-2, tumor necrosis factor receptor-2; PM2.5, fine particulate matter.
a
Mean ± Standard Deviation or N (%).
b
35 (0.5%) participants had no information on educational attainment.
c
Geometric mean and standard deviation.
d
Calculated based on the 1-day moving averages.