Table 4. Sensitivity Analysis: Total or Lethal Prostate Cancer Risk Among 21,886 Participants Reporting PSA Testing in 1996.
| Total Prostate Cancer Risk |
Lethal Prostate Cancer Risk |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Cases (N=2,860) |
Multivariable Hazard Ratioa (95% CI) |
Multivariable P-value |
Cases (N=216) |
Multivariable Hazard Ratioa (95% CI) |
Multivariable P-value |
| Overall family history | ||||||
| None | 1,959 | 146 | ||||
| Breast cancer only | 361 | 1.25 (1.11, 1.40) | <0.001 | 32 | 1.36 (0.91, 2.02) | 0.13 |
| Prostate cancer only | 464 | 1.68 (1.51, 1.86) | <0.001 | 31 | 1.57 (1.05, 2.35) | 0.03 |
| Breast and prostate cancer | 76 | 1.56 (1.23, 1.97) | <0.001 | 7 | 2.19 (0.98, 4.89) | 0.06 |
| Breast cancer family history | ||||||
| None | 2,423 | 177 | ||||
| Mother only | 253 | 1.13 (0.99, 1.29) | 0.08 | 22 | 1.60 (1.00, 2.54) | 0.05 |
| Sister only | 163 | 1.27 (1.08, 1.49) | 0.004 | 16 | 1.23 (0.71, 2.08) | 0.47 |
| Mother & Sister | 21 | 1.19 (0.77, 1.85) | 0.43 | 1 | N/A | N/A |
| Age of mother or sister at breast cancer diagnosis | ||||||
| No breast cancer family history | 2,423 | 177 | ||||
| <60 years | 224 | 1.28 (1.11, 1.47) | <0.001 | 16 | 1.21 (0.71, 2.06) | 0.48 |
| ≥60 years | 163 | 1.02 (0.86, 1.19) | 0.86 | 16 | 1.28 (0.75, 2.17) | 0.37 |
| Age unknown | 50 | 1.43 (1.08, 1.92) | 0.01 | 7 | 2.41 (1.07, 5.41) | 0.03 |
| Prostate cancer family history | ||||||
| None | 2,320 | 178 | ||||
| Father only | 393 | 1.60 (1.43, 1.78) | <0.001 | 24 | 1.60 (1.02, 2.49) | 0.04 |
| Brother only | 124 | 1.58 (1.31, 1.91) | <0.001 | 11 | 1.39 (0.74, 2.62) | 0.31 |
| Father & Brother | 23 | 1.95 (1.27, 2.98) | 0.002 | 3 | 2.70 (0.81, 9.02) | 0.11 |
| Age of father or brother at prostate cancer diagnosis | ||||||
| No prostate cancer family history | 2,320 | 178 | ||||
| <60 years | 61 | 1.79 (1.38, 2.32) | <0.001 | 2 | 0.86 (0.20, 3.67) | 0.84 |
| ≥60 years | 411 | 1.58 (1.42, 1.76) | <0.001 | 31 | 1.71 (1.16, 2.54) | 0.007 |
| Age unknown | 68 | 1.58 (1.23, 2.03) | <0.001 | 5 | 1.32 (0.53, 3.34) | 0.55 |
a
Multivariable Hazard Ratio adjusted for: age, race (White, Black, Asian, other), body mass index, smoking status (never smoker, past smoker who quit >10 years ago, past smoker who quit ≤10 years ago, current smoker), PSA screening (yes/no in prior questionnaire cycle), PSA testing intensity (variable indicating subjects who had testing in >50% of time periods), alcohol intake, vigorous physical activity, total energy intake, consumption of tomato sauce, and red meat.
Follow-up: 149,186 person-years, 1996–2012.
Lethal prostate cancer: metastatic, or fatal disease.
Abbreviations: PSA, Prostate-Specific Antigen.