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. 2018 Dec 4;9:4915. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07214-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Role of methylation on DNA-gold affinity. a Methodological approach for the electrochemical quantification of DNA adsorption on gold electrodes. First, the DPV current from the bare gold electrode was measured to get the baseline signal. The purified DNA extracted from cell line, tissue or plasma samples were then adsorbed onto the gold electrodes and the DPV current was measured to get the sample signal. The difference between the baseline and the sample signal is the i_r value_, which is normalized to %i_r for better understanding. The %i_r for a given DNA sample directly correlates with the adsorption level of DNA on gold electrodes. b Relative current (%i_r) mean values for the unmethylated WGA DNA (black), Aza treated demethylated Jurkat DNA (Blue), gDNA from BT474 and Jurkat cancer cells (red), HMEC gDNA from primary mammary cells (green) and 100% methylated gDNA from Jurkat cells (Brown). c Bar graph of relative current (%i_r) mean values for the adsorption of 140 bp methylated (red) and unmethylated (black) DNA fragments. d Bar graph of relative current (%i_r) mean values for the adsorption of individual cytosines (black) and methylcytosines (red) nucleotides. e Relative current (%i_r) mean values for various genomic DNAs prepared from WGA DNA by enzymatic reaction at different time points. Sample methylation levels are provided above each bar. Inset: electrophoresis gel of the enzymatically methylated DNA samples digested with methylation sensitive HpaII restriction enzyme. f Effect of cluster methylation towards adsorption. Each data point for b–e represents the average of three separate trials, and error bars represent the standard deviation of measurements (%RSD = < 5% for n = 3)