Table 3.
Associations of sociodemographic and behavioural variables, H. pylori sero-prevalence and serological evidence of atrophic gastritis with anaemia by sex.
| Men | P* | Women | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anaemia/total (%) | Anaemia/total (%) | |||
| Population group | 0.11 | <0.001 | ||
| Jews | 17/348 (4.9) | 36/306 (11.8) | ||
| Arabs | 38/498 (7.6) | 115/439 (26.2) | ||
| Age, years | <0.001 | 0.062 | ||
| 25–44 | 10/297 (3.4) | 59/234 (25.2) | ||
| 45–64 | 16/358 (4.6) | 58/337 (17.2) | ||
| 65–78 | 29/191 (15.2) | 34/174 (19.5) | ||
| Education | 0.17 | 0.021 | ||
| Some high school or less | 22/430 (5.1) | 98/418 (23.4) | ||
| High school certificate/some college | 18/200 (9.0) | 32/166 (19.3) | ||
| Academic education | 13/211 (6.2) | 21/160 (13.1) | ||
| Smoking | <0.001 | 0.4 | ||
| Regular smoking ≥1 cigarette/ day | 6/291 (2.1) | 13/75 (17.3) | ||
| Other | 49/550 (8.9) | 137/663 (20.7) | ||
| Obesity | 0.9 | 0.8 | ||
| BMI <30 kg/m2 | 40/615 (6.5) | 81/404 (20.0) | ||
| BMI ≥30 kg/m2 | 15/228 (6.6) | 70/341 (20.5) | ||
| H. pylori IgG sero-status | 0.6 | 0.037 | ||
| Negative | 17/216 (7.8) | 35/189 (18.5) | ||
| H. pylori positive CagA negative | 24/338 (6.2) | 58/333 (17.4) | ||
| H. pylori positive CagA positive | 14/241(5.8) | 58/223 (26.0) | ||
| Atrophic gastritis (PGI <30 μg/L, and/or a PGI: PGII <3.0) | 0.13 | 0.001 | ||
| No | 49/789 (6.2) | 125/671 (18.6) | ||
| yes | 6/52 (11.5) | 25/71 (35.2) |
*P values were obtained by chi square test.
BMI: body mass index, CagA: cytotoxin associated gene A; kg: kilogram, m: meters, PG: pepsinogen, SD: standard deviation.