Table 2.
Univariate analysis of the risk factors associated with the prevalence of ACO.
| Variables | Prevalence of ACO | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 12 to 34 | 1.57 | 1 | |
| 35 to 44 | 1.68 | 1.07 (0.62–1.84) | 0.8045 |
| 45 to 54 | 4.31 | 2.81 (1.71–4.61) | <0.0001 |
| 55 to 64 | 4.28 | 2.80 (1.71–4.59) | <0.0001 |
| 65 and over | 4.88 | 3.20 (1.89–5.43) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | |||
| Men | 1.65 | 1 | |
| Women | 3.53 | 2.18 (1.58–3.00) | <0.0001 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married and living common-law | 1.87 | 1 | |
| Widowed, separated, and divorced | 6.76 | 3.80 (2.48–5.84) | <0.0001 |
| Single, never married | 2.64 | 1.42 (1.01–2.00) | <0.0001 |
| Rural or urban | |||
| Large urban population centre | 3.00 | 1 | |
| Rural area | 2.17 | 0.72 (0.48–1.06) | 0.0953 |
| Small population centre | 2.00 | 0.66 (0.45–0.98) | 0.0370 |
| Medium population centre | 3.63 | 1.22 (0.74–2.00) | 0.4346 |
| Personal income | |||
| $5000 to $19,999 | 5.85 | 1 | |
| $5000 or less income | 2.12 | 0.35 (0.22–0.55) | <0.0001 |
| $20,000 to 49,999 | 2.18 | 0.36 (0.25–0.53) | <0.0001 |
| $50,000 to $100,000 and over | 0.81 | 0.13 (0.07–0.24) | <0.0001 |
| Province | |||
| Ontario | 3.41 | 1 | |
| Atlantic∗ | 1.11 | 0.32 (0.18–0.59) | 0.0002 |
| Quebec | 5.68 | 1.72 (1.05–2.81) | 0.0320 |
| Prairies | 2.23 | 0.65 (0.42–1.00) | 0.0471 |
| British Columbia | 1.81 | 0.52 (0.32–0.86) | 0.0100 |
| Territories∗∗ | 1.01 | 0.29 (0.17–0.51) | <0.0001 |
| Type of smoker | |||
| Not at all | 1.89 | 1 | |
| Daily | 4.47 | 2.42 (1.78–3.32) | <0.0001 |
| Occasionally | 2.38 | 1.26 (0.72–2.20) | 0.4112 |
| Anybody smoking at home | |||
| No | 2.38 | 1 | |
| Yes | 4.21 | 2.04 (1.42–2.94) | 0.0001 |
| Dwelling (owned/rented) | |||
| Owned | 1.58 | 1 | |
| Rented | 4.12 | 2.69 (1.95–3.70) | <0.0001 |
| Dwelling in need of major repairs | |||
| No, only regular maintenance is needed | 2.01 | 1 | |
| Yes, major repairs are needed | 6.44 | 3.35 (2.19–5.13) | <0.0001 |
| Yes, minor repairs are needed | 2.47 | 1.24 (0.86–1.78) | 0.2525 |
| Diabetes | |||
| Gestational and no diagnosis of diabetes | 2.24 | 1 | |
| Diabetes type 1 and type 2 | 7.20 | 3.38 (2.34–4.90) | <0.0001 |
| How many rooms are there in a dwelling | |||
| 0 and 2 rooms | 5.58 | 1 | |
| 3 and 5 rooms | 3.70 | 0.65 (0.38–1.11) | 0.1136 |
| 6 and 8 rooms | 1.87 | 0.32 (0.16–0.63) | 0.0010 |
| 9 rooms and over | 1.23 | 0.21 (0.10–0.44) | <0.0001 |
| Number of paid hours per week | |||
| 0 to 20 hours | 1.19 | 1 | |
| 21 to 40 hours | 1.22 | 1.03 (0.50–2.11) | 0.9402 |
| 41 to 80 hours | 2.09 | 1.77 (0.75–4.17) | 0.1887 |
| 80 hours and over | 4.21 | 3.65 (1.82–7.32) | 0.0003 |
∗Including Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador, Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick. ∗∗Including Nunavut, Yukon, and Northwest Territories.