Table 3.

Analysis of variable associated to COPD by BS. Age, BMI, MS, and FEV1% pred were the independent variables

	Ghrelin*	GIP	GLP-1	Glucagon	Insulin*	Leptin	PAI-1*	Resistin	Visfatin*
BS/TS	−0.6366	0.485	0.205	−0.171	−0.541	− 0.334	−0.67	− 0.222	−1.615
	(− 1.11- -0.154)	(− 0.081–1.052)	(− 0.388 - 0.799)	(−0.495–0.152)	(− 0.958 – − 0.123)	(−0.903–0.235)	(−1.020 – − 0.321)	(−1.00–0.555)	(−2.51 – − 0.713)
Age (years)	0.0032	0.027	0.014	0.013	−0.012	− 0.014	−0.027	0.344	0.007
	(−0.235–0.030)	(− 0.003–0.059)	(− 0.018 - 0.047)	(−0.004–0.031)	(− 0.035-0.010)	(−0.046–0.172)	(−0.047 – − 0.008)	(−0.008–0.077)	(−0.042–0.058
BMI	−0.006	− 0.01	−0.016	− 0.011	0.014	0.035	0.001	−0.017	−0.007
	(−0.44–0.032)	(−0.005–0.034)	(− 0.064–0.030)	(− 0.037-0.014)	(−0.019–0.047)	(−0.009–0.080)	(− 0.026 - 0.028)	(−0.079–0.044)	(−0.791–0.064)
MS	− 0.089	−0.022	− 0.321	0.0004	0.014	0.479	0.01	−0.458	−0.576
	(−0.514–0.336)	(−0.557–0.477)	(− 0.845–0.202)	(−0.289–0.280)	(−0.353–0.382)	(−0.022–0.981)	(−0.297–0.318)	(−1.144–0.228)	(−1.372–0.219)
FEV1%p	−0.006	0.001	0	0	−0.001	0.001	0.005	−0.013	0
	(−0.018–0.005)	(−0.012–0.015)	(− 0.014 - 0.149)	(−0.007–0.008)	(− 0.011 - 0.009)	(−0.012–0.015)	(−0.003–0.013)	(−0.032–0.006)	(−0.023–0.021)

Multiple comparisons analysis was perform by the statistical software XLSTAT 2016.5 Addinsoft. *P < 0.05

Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, GIP gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1, MS Metabolic syndrome, PAI-1 plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, TS tobacco smoking