Table 3.
Risk factors for overall survival
| Hazard ratio | 95% confidence interval | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years old) | 1.034 | 0.998–1.071 | 0.068 |
| Sex (female) | 0.839 | 0.350–2.012 | 0.694 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.927 | 0.811–1.059 | 0.265 |
| ASA class | 0.011 | ||
| 1 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| 2 | 0.465 | 0.16–1.320 | 0.150 |
| 3 | 3.503 | 0.977–12.563 | 0.054 |
| Sealed-off perforation | 0.759 | 0.162–3.554 | 0.727 |
| Emergency operation | 0.694 | 0.171–2.812 | 0.609 |
| Palliative | 2.340 | 0.520–10.532 | 0.268 |
| Size (cm) | 0.886 | 0.724–1.084 | 0.239 |
| pT | 0.025 | ||
| 3 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| 4 | 3.480 | 1.174–10.318 | |
| pN | 0.546 | ||
| 0 | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | |
| 1 | 1.029 | 0.430–2.461 | 0.950 |
| 2 | 2.168 | 0.538–8.747 | 0.277 |
| M1 | 4.766 | 1.432–15.860 | 0.011 |
| Proximal margin (cm) | 1.009 | 0.986–1.032 | 0.440 |
| Distal margin (cm) | 1.013 | 0.972–1.057 | 0.535 |
| Venous invasion | 1.013 | 0.246–2.199 | 0.583 |
| Lymphatic invasion | 1.541 | 0.614–3.862 | 0.357 |
| Perineural invasion | 2.225 | 0.754–6.569 | 0.148 |
| Postoperative chemotherapy | 0.562 | 0.188–1.677 | 0.302 |
| Postoperative major complication† | 3.931 | 1.009–15.319 | 0.049 |
BMI body mass index, ASA class American Society of Anesthesiologists classification
†Clavien-Dindo classification grade 3 or higher was defined as major complication