Figure 1.

Both P36 and P52 are Required for the Formation of the Parasitophorous Vacuole. Representative fluorescence microscopy images of intracellular RFP-tagged salivary gland sporozoites in Hepa 1–6 cells (2 hpi) from two different experiments. Left: Labeling fixed samples with α-UIS4 antibodies shows the presence of a PVM in wild-type parasites but not in single or dual deletion Py ΔP36, ΔP52, and ΔP52ΔP36 mutants. Right: Live staining with the sterol dye filipin confirms a PVM surrounding the wild-type parasites and the absence of a membrane for the mutant lines (Figure S2) (Scale bar: 5 μm).