Table 4.
Association of Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, both and other prescription opioids with acute coronary heart disease, cardiovascular death, stroke
|
All participants
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute CHD |
Stroke |
Cardiovascular death |
||||
| Events among POU, n/POU, n | aHR (95%CI) | Events among POU, n/POU, n | aHR (95%CI) | Events among POU, n/POU, n | aHR (95%CI) | |
| Model 1. Separate medications vs nonusers (referent) | ||||||
| Hydrocodone | 44/940 | 0.89 (0.65–1.27) | 30/940 | 1.15 (0.79–1.67) | 43/940 | 1.04 (0.76–1.42) |
| Oxycodone | 22/265 | 1.24 (0.81–1.90) | 8/264 | 1.02 (0.50–2.06) | 22/265 | 1.64 (1.07–2.52) |
| Simultaneous use of Hydrocodone and Oxycodone | 3/20 | 1.51 (0.48–4.78) | 1/20 | 1.31 (0.18–9.36) | 2/20 | 1.25 (0.31–5.09) |
| All other opioids | 38/682 | 1.01 (0.77–1.41) | 18/682 | 0.92 (0.57–1.48) | 40/682 | 1.33 (0.96–1.83) |
| Model 2. Hydrocodone vs Oxycodone users (referent), excludes participants on other opioids or nonusers | 0.74 (0.44–1.27) | 1.25 (0.55–2.86) | 0.62 (0.36–1.06) | |||
| Females | Females | Females | ||||
| Model 1. Separate medications vs nonusers | ||||||
| Hydrocodone | 27/616 | 1.10 (0.73–1.64) | 20/616 | ∗ | 33/616 | 1.57 (1.08–2.28) |
| Oxycodone | 15/154 | 2.19 (1.29–3.72) | 5/154 | ∗ | 12/154 | 1.87 (1.13–3.57) |
| Simultaneous use of Hydrocodone and Oxycodone | 1/8 | 3.63 (0.50–26.41) | 0/8 | ∗ | 1/8 | 3.70 (0.51–27.00) |
| All other opioids | 24/449 | 1.36 (0.89–2.07) | 8/449 | ∗ | 27/449 | 1.67 (1.12–2.50) |
| Model 2.Hydrocodone vs Oxycodone users (ref), excludes participants on other opioids or nonusers | 0.54 (0.27–1.07) | 1.24 (0.41–3.77) | 0.84 (0.40–1.78) | |||
| Males | Males | Males | ||||
| Model 1. Separate medications vs nonusers | ||||||
| Hydrocodone | 17/324 | 0.68 (0.42–1.11) | 10/324 | 1.00 (0.39–1.63) | 10/324 | 0.49 (0.26–0.92) |
| Oxycodone | 7/111 | 0.64 (0.30–1.37) | 3/110 | 0.89 (0.28–2.61) | 10/111 | 1.39 (0.74–2.63) |
| Simultaneous use of Hydrocodone and Oxycodone | 2/12 | 1.30 (0.32–5.33) | 1/12 | 1.85 (0.25–13.49) | 1/12 | 0.87 (0.12–6.37) |
| All other opioids | 14/233 | 0.68 (0.41–1.19) | 10/233 | 1.38 (0.28–2.81) | 13/233 | 0.91 (0.52–1.58) |
| Model 2. Hydrocodone vs Oxycodone users (ref),excludes participants on other opioids or nonusers | 1.64 (0.62–4.34) | ∗ | 0.50 (0.15–1.65) | |||
Abbreviations: aHR = fully adjusted hazards ratio; CI = confidence interval; CHD = coronary heart disease; POU = Prescription opioid user; REF = referent group.
Bold P < 0.05.
∗
Model did not converge.