Table 1. Clinical characteristics of women and newborns.
| Variable | MATERNAL PTB GROUPS | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No-IAI | Yes-IAI | PE | ||
| n = 131 | n = 116 | n = 131 | ||
| Maternal and antepartum characteristics | ||||
| Age, years * | 28 [24–33] | 28 [22–34] | 30 [24–35] | 0.322 |
| Gravidity * | 2 [1–4] | 3 [2–4] | 2 [1–4] | 0.404 |
| Parity * | 1 [0–1] | 0 [0–2] | 1 [0–2] | 0.408 |
| Maternal race/ethnicity † | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 69 (53) | 29 (25) | 42 (33) | <0.001 |
| African American | 38 (29) | 54 (47) | 58 (44) | |
| Hispanic | 17 (13) | 26 (22) | 24 (18) | |
| Other | 7 (5) | 7 (6) | 7 (5) | |
| Gestational age, weeks * | 29.6 [26.3–31.6] | 27.2 [24.7–29.6] | 29.2 [27–31.3] | <0.001 |
| Ruptured membranes † | 74 (56) | 60 (52) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Steroid exposure during pregnancy † | 122 (93) | 110 (95) | 121 (92) | 0.742 |
| Prenatal antibiotic treatment † | 104 (79) | 97 (84) | 7 (5) | <0.001 |
| Antenatal magnesium sulfate exposure † | 47 (36) | 46 (40) | 122 (93) | <0.001 |
| FGR † | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 37 (28) | <0.001 |
| Delivery and newborn characteristics | ||||
| Provider-initiated delivery † ‡ | 45 (34) | 82 (71) | 131 (100) | <0.001 |
| Gestational age at delivery, weeks * | 30.6 [28.1–32.5] | 27.4 [25.1–30.1] | 29.5 [27.1–31.6] | <0.001 |
| Cesarean delivery † | 61 (47) | 47 (41) | 115 (88) | <0.001 |
| Stillbirth † | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 (5) | 0.003 |
| Newborn sex †§ | ||||
| Female | 72 (55) | 49 (42) | 57 (46) | 0.112 |
| Male | 59 (45) | 67 (58) | 68 (54) | |
| Birthweight, grams *§ | 1,600 [1,120–1,980] | 1,000 [773–1,453] | 1,098 [810–1,436] | <0.001 |
| NICU, days * | 28.0 [14–60] | 49.5 [23–97] | 40.0 [21–71] | <0.001 |
| Apgar score at 1 min †§ | 7 [5–8] | 7 [4–8] | 7 [4–8] | 0.500 |
| Apgar score at 5 min †§ | 9 [8–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 0.059 |
| Apgar score at 5 min <7 ठ| 13 (10) | 28 (25) | 18 (14) | 0.009 |
* Data presented as median [interquartile range] and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA
† Data presented as n (%) and analyzed by Chi square tests
‡ Refers to an approach where the pregnancy was no longer managed expectantly
§ Variable reported only for live born newborns.
Abbreviations: FGR, fetal growth restriction; NICU, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; IAI, intra-amniotic infection/inflammation; PE, preeclampsia