. 2018 Dec 5;13(12):e0208063. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208063

Table 2. General characteristics of included cost-of-illness analyses.

Reference	Country	Patients	Diagnostic criteria/inclusion criteria	Study type	Sample size	Mean age	Data source	Perspective	Year of pricing
Alemayehu et al. [74]	US	CRPC	ICD-9-CM, PSA-level	RCS	349	68	Claims data (commercial, Medicare Advantage)	PAY	2007
Alemayehu et al. [74]	US	Likely CRPC^*	Logistic regression	RCS	2,391	74	Claims data (commercial, Medicare Advantage)	PAY	2007
Armstrong et al. [75]	US	mCRPC (Medicare 5% sample)	ICD-9	RCS	281	−	Claims data (Medicare, MarketScan commercial)	PAY	2015
Armstrong et al. [75]	US	mCRPC (MarketScan dataset)	ICD-9	RCS	155	−	Claims data (Medicare, MarketScan commercial)	PAY	2015
Bourke et al. [76]	IE	CRPC	−	MA	−	−	Medical literature, study data [108, 109], expert opinion	PAY	2010
Bryant-Lukosius [77]	CAN	CRPC with mental disorder^**	TNM, PSA-level, UM-CIDI-SF	PCS	19	69	Self-report (HSUI)	PAY	2001
Bryant-Lukosius [77]	CAN	CRPC without mental disorder^**	TNM, PSA-level, UM-CIDI-SF	PCS	80	72	Self-report (HSUI)	PAY	2001
Bui et al. [78]	US	CRPC with CSS^***	ICD-9-CM, PSA-level	RCS	822	74^a	Claims data (VHA)	PAY	2012
Bui et al. [78]	US	CRPC without CSS^***	ICD-9-CM, PSA-level	RCS	177	75^a	Claims data (VHA)	PAY	2012
Dragomir et al. [79]	CAN	mCRPC	−	MA	−	−	Study data [14, 15, 19, 25, 110, 111]	PAY	2013
Engel-Nitz et al. [80]	US	CRPC (oncology cohort)	ICD-9-CM, PSA-level	RCS	1,590	71	Claims data (commercial, Medicare Advantage)	PAY	2008
Engel-Nitz et al. [80]	US	CRPC (urology cohort)	ICD-9-CM, PSA-level	RCS	995	76	Claims data (commercial, Medicare Advantage)	PAY	2008
Krahn et al. [81]	CAN	CRPC	Gleason score, TNM, PSA-level	RCS	46	67^a	Claims data (Ontario HIP), health care databases^b	PAY	2008
Krahn et al. [81]	CAN	mCRPC	Gleason score, TNM, PSA-level	RCS	46	67^a	Claims data (Ontario HIP), health care databases^b	PAY	2008
Kunisawa et al. [82]	JP	Likely CRPC^†	Recorded PC diagnoses, docetaxel administration	RCS	13	62^a	Claims data (Japanese HMO)	PAY	2013
Malmberg et al. [83]	SE	mCRPC^‡ (within county)	External radiotherapy use	RCS	46	69	Study data [112], hospital database (UHL)	SOC	1993
Malmberg et al. [83]	SE	mCRPC^‡ (out of county)	External radiotherapy use	RCS	33	69	Study data [112], hospital database (UHL)	SOC	1993
Mehra et al. [84]	US	mCRPC	ICD-9, docetaxel administration	RCS	3,642	70	Claims data (IMS LifeLink)	PAY	2012^c
Organ et al. [85]	CAN	CRPC (intermittent LHRHa)	PSA-level, increase in number or size of metastasis, clinical progression	RCT	18	73	Health administrative databases (Dalhousie University)	PAY	2009
Organ et al. [85]	CAN	CRPC (continuous LHRHa)		RCT	13	79	Health administrative databases (Dalhousie University)	PAY	2009
Sanyal et al. [86]	CAN	mCRPC	−	MA	−	−	Study data [113]	PAY	2014
Satoh et al. [55]	JP	mCRPC (ICD-10 sample)	ICD-10, ADT treatment or CRPC-targeted treatment, Japanese MEDIS-DC system	RCS	4,001	72	Claims data (CISA database)	PAY	2016^c
Satoh et al. [55]	JP	mCRPC (MEDIC-DC sample)		RCS	276	71	Claims data (CISA database)	PAY	2016^c
Sherman et al. [87]	US	mCRPC (strontium)	PSA-level, clinical progression	RCT	7	73	Self-report (COIN form), hospital billing department (MSKCC)	SOC	1997
		mCRPC (CT)			6	66
		mCRPC (strontium+CT)			7	65

ADT: androgen deprivation therapy, CAN: Canada, CG: control group, CISA: Clinical Information and Statistical Analysis, COIN: Collection of Indirect and Nonmedical Direct Costs, CRPC: castration-resistant prostate cancer, CSS: corticosteroid-sensitive comorbidities, CT: chemotherapy, HIP: health insurance plan, HMO: health maintenance organization, HSUI: Health Service Utilization Inventory, IE: Ireland, IG: intervention group, JP: Japan, LHRHa: luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists, MA: model approach, mCRPC: metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, MEDIS-DC: Medical Information System Development Center, MSKCC: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, PAY: costs are reported from the perspective of a third-party payer, PC: prostate cancer, PCS: prospective cohort study, PSA: prostate-specific antigen, RCS: retrospective cohort study, RCT: randomized controlled trial, SE: Sweden, SOC: costs are reported from the perspective of the society, TNM: TNM Classification of Malignant Tumors, UHL: University Hospital Lund, UM-CIDI-SF: University of Michigan Composite Diagnostic Interview-Short Form, US: United States, VHA: Veterans Health Administration.

* CRPC status was modeled as a function, inter alia, of age, comorbidity, prostate cancer-related costs and docetaxel administration

** outpatient population

*** veteran population

^† patients with prostate cancer who had been administered docetaxel were assumed to be CRPC patients

^‡ patients with bone pain.

^a based on a larger data set

^b Canadian Institute for Health Information-Discharge Abstract Database, Ontario Drug Benefit Plan database, Complex Continuing Care database, Ontario Home Care Administrative System database, Queen’s University Radiation Oncology Research Unit database

^c The submission year/study year was assumed as base year.