Table 1.
Enrollment Characteristics of Participants Coinfected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV) and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2, by Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Status
| Characteristic | Placebo (n=1688) |
Acyclovir (n=1693) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not Started ART (n = 1498) | Started ART (n = 190) | Not Started ART (n = 1534) | Started ART (n = 159) | |
| Age, y | 31.8 (26.4–38.0) | 34.0 (28.5–42.3) | 32.0 (26.9–37.9) | 33.7 (29.0–41.0) |
| Female sexa | 69 | 61 | 67 | 62 |
| Plasma HIV load, log10 copies/mL | 3.99 (3.30–4.58) | 4.65 (3.91–5.12) | 4.04 (3.33–4.61) | 4.68 (4.01–5.18) |
| CD4+ T-cell count, cells/mm3 | 478 (361–647) | 324 (286–402) | 486 (367–660) | 325 (280–416) |
| History of GUD in last 3 months | 328 (21.9) | 48 (25.3) | 347 (22.6) | 40 (25.2) |
| GUD present on entry examination | 37 (2.5) | 10 (5.3) | 46 (3.0) | 4 (2.5) |
| Pathogen | ||||
| T. pallidumb | 94 (6.3) | 10 (5.3) | 92 (6.0) | 4 (2.5) |
| C. trachomatisc | 33 (2.4) | 2 (1.1) | 33 (2.3) | 0 |
| N. gonorrhoeaec | 18 (1.3) | 1 (0.6) | 29 (2.0) | 1 (0.7) |
| T. vaginalisc | 191 (13.7) | 15 (8.2) | 193 (13.3) | 17 (11.0) |
| Any of the aboved | 296 (21.3) | 24 (13.1) | 300 (20.6) | 19 (12.3) |
Data are median value (interquartile range) or no. (%) of subjects.
Abbreviation: GUD, genital ulcer disease.
a The numbers in this row are percentages.
b Serological testing for Treponema pallidum was performed at all sites, using rapid plasma reagin, with confirmation by the microhemagglutination test for T. pallidum at sites with that capacity.
c Batch testing for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis was performed on archived cervical and urine samples at the University of Washington.
d Denominator for this calculation excludes 195 participants who had no laboratory results available.