Table 1.

Overview of the proteins and their molecular features discussed in this review

Name	PDB code	Substrate	Co-factor	Catalytic domain	Biological function
Carbohydrate deacetylases
Colletotrichum lindemuthianum CDA	2IW0	Chitin	Zn2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Fungal chitin deacetylation, evasion of plant host response
Mycobacterium tuberculosis MshB	1Q74	GlcNAc-Ins	Zn2+	Rossmann fold	Biosynthesis of the bacterial reducing agent mycothiol
Bordetella bronchiseptica BpsB	5BU6	PNAG oligomers	Ni2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Biofilm formation
Escherichia coli PgaB	4F9D	PNAG oligomers	Ni2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Biofilm formation
Escherichia coli NagA	1YRR, 2P50	GlcNAc-6-P	Zn2+	TIM barrel	Murein recycling
Thermotoga maritima NagA	1O12	GlcNAc-6-P	Zn2+	TIM barrel	Murein recycling
Bacillus subtilis NagA	2VHL	GlcNAc-6-P	2 Zn2	TIM barrel	Murein recycling
Streptococcus pneumoniae PgdA	2C1G	Peptidoglycan	Zn2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Bacterial peptidoglycan deacetylation, evasion of immune response
Bacillus subtilis PgdA	1W1B	Peptidoglycan	Cd2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Bacterial peptidoglycan deacetylation, evasion of immune response
Encephalitozoon cuniculi U11_0510	2VYO	Unknown	Zn2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Unknown, likely inactive protein
Aquifex aeolicus LpxC	1P42	UDP-N-acetylglucosamine	Zn2+	LpxC fold	Lipid A biosynthesis
Streptomyces lividans Axe	2CC0	Acetylxylan	Zn2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Plant cell wall degradation
Clostridium thermocellum Axe	2C79	Acetylxylan	Co2+	(β/α)(7) barrel	Plant cell wall degradation
Penicillium purpurogenum Axe2	1BS9	Acetylxylan		SGNH hydrolase fold	Plant cell wall degradation
Geobacillus stearothermophilus Axe2	3W7V	Acetylxylan		SGNH hydrolase fold	Plant cell wall degradation
Small molecule deacetylases
Thermotoga maritima AxeA	1VLQ, 3M81	Cephalosporin C		α/β hydrolase fold	Xylooligosaccharide/Cephalosporin C hydrolysis
Bacillus subtilis CAH	1ODS	Cephalosporin C		α/β hydrolase fold	Xylooligosaccharide/Cephalosporin C hydrolysis
Homo sapiens CES1	1MX1, 1MX5	Small molecules		α/β hydrolase fold	Promiscuous multi-drug degradation
Xanthomonas campestris ACDase	2F7V	N-acetyl-l-citrulline	Co2+	Aminopeptidase fold	Arginine biosynthesis
Histone deacetylases
Homo sapiens HDAC8	1T64	Acetyllysines on histones	Zn2+	Arginase fold	Histone deacetylation
Homo sapiens HDAC4	2VQJ	Acetyllysines on histones	Zn2+	Arginase fold	Histone deacetylation
Homo sapiens HDAC6	5EDU	Acetyllysines on histones	Zn2+	Arginase fold	Histone deacetylation
Homo sapiens SIRT1	4I5I	Acetyllysines on histones	NAD+	Rossmann fold	Histone deacetylation
Protein deacetylases
Arabidopsis thaliana SOBER1	6AVV	Acetylated proteins		α/β hydrolase fold	Hypersensitive response (HR) in plant immunity