Table 3.
Incidence and hazard ratios of gallbladder stone disease measured by age, sex, and comorbidity in type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes cohort compared with the corresponding control cohort.
| Type 1 diabetes | Type 2 diabetes | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (N = 28,060) | Yes (N = 7,015) | No (N = 51,689) | Yes (N = 51,689) | |||||||
| Variables | Event | Rate# | Event | Rate# | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Event | Rate# | Event | Rate# | Adjusted HR (95% CI) |
| AGE, YEARS | ||||||||||
| ≤ 20 | 15 | 1.88 | 3 | 1.12 | 0.42 (0.09, 1.96) | |||||
| 21–40 | 119 | 11.7 | 14 | 7.30 | 0.39 (0.19, 0.81)* | 31 | 9.86 | 89 | 28.2 | 2.82 (1.75, 4.57)*** |
| 41–60 | 416 | 25.0 | 611 | 37.1 | 1.69 (1.46, 1.96)*** | |||||
| 61–80 | 545 | 44.9 | 713 | 60.5 | 1.44 (1.28, 1.63)*** | |||||
| > 80 | 52 | 63.0 | 53 | 65.0 | 1.08 (0.73, 1.61) | |||||
| SEX | ||||||||||
| Women | 80 | 8.40 | 11 | 4.57 | 0.46 (0.19, 1.08) | 877 | 39.8 | 1189 | 56.3 | 1.53 (1.35, 1.73)*** |
| Men | 54 | 6.27 | 6 | 2.74 | 0.46 (0.16, 1.27) | 734 | 31.5 | 1060 | 47.2 | 1.56 (1.38, 1.78)*** |
| COMORBIDITY§ | ||||||||||
| No | 81 | 5.56 | 2 | 0.96 | 0.33 (0.08, 1.34) | 296 | 22.3 | 130 | 61.6 | 2.72 (2.21, 3.34)*** |
| Yes | 53 | 14.9 | 15 | 5.96 | 0.56 (0.30, 1.04) | 748 | 38.4 | 1336 | 44.4 | 1.24 (1.13, 1.36)*** |
Rate#, incidence rate, per 10,000 person-years; Crude HR, relative hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval. Adjusted HR: multivariate analysis including age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cirrhosis, stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney diseases, alcohol-related illness, obesity, and number of parity; Comorbidity§: Patients with any one of the comorbidities (including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cirrhosis, stroke, CAD, chronic kidney diseases, and alcohol-related illness) were classified as the comorbidity group.
P < 0.05;
P < 0.001.