Table 2.

Main antioxidant Treatments.

Treatment	Mechanism of action	References
Caffeine	Free radical scavenger and adenosine receptor antagonist; Anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic.	Endesfelder et al. (59)
Erythropoietin	Anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory with angiogenic and neurogenic effects.	Rangarajan et al. (60), Maiese et al. (61)
Melatonin	Direct scavenger of oxygen free radicals, particularly the hydroxyl radical; Indirect antioxidant via stimulation of antioxidant enzymes.	Reiter et al. (62), Gitto E et al. (63), Miller et al. (64), Vladan et al. (24)
Allopurinol	Decrease free radical formation; Xanthine oxidase inhibitor; Directly scavenging free radicals.	Kaandorp et al. (65), Van Bel F et al. (66)
Quercetin	Increases survival against oxidative insults in neuronal culture.	Dajas et al. (67)

Table reports the most common strategies contrasting oxidative stress employed to protect preterm brain from white matter injuries.