Table 2.
Behavioral Health Indicators for Early Adolescents in Three Racial/Ethnic Groups
| American Indian/Alaska Native n = 43 | Non-Hispanic White n = 620 | Other Racial/Ethnic Minorities n = 527 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Continuous Variables | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | F(df) | p |
| Age | 12.58 (.82) | 12.74 (.7) | 12.8 (.88) | 1.79 (2, 1187) | .167 |
| Depression Total Score1 | 18.30 (13.67) | 9.67 (9.22) | 11.43 (11.06) | 11.31 (2, 111.57) | <.001* |
| Anxiety2 | 12.53 (3.33) | 10.8 (3.4) | 10.98 (3.66) | 4.95 (2, 1184) | .007* |
| School Belongingness3 | 51.91 (10.77) | 55.67 (7.95) | 54.98 (9.91) | 3.05 (2,112.42) | .021* |
| Perceived Discrimination4 | 1.35 (1.21) | 0.7 (.99) | 1.34 (1.38) | 42.28 (2, 113.61) | <.001* |
| Categorical Variables | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | X2 (df) | p |
| Gender (Female) | 28 (65.1) | 348 (56.1) | 287 (54.5) | 1.92 (2) | .383 |
| Depression Above Cutoff2 | 10 (23.3) | 32 (5.2) | 54 (10.2) | 23.81 (2) | <.001* |
| Used Any Substance Use5 | 13 (30.2) | 74 (12) | 87 (16.7) | 13.61 (2) | .001* |
| Used Alcohol5 | 11 (25.6) | 70 (11.4) | 76 (14.6) | 8.30 (2) | .016* |
| Used Cannabis5 | 4 (9.5) | 16 (2.6) | 15 (2.9) | 6.59 (2) | .037* |
| Used Tobacco5 | 6 (14) | 15 (2.4) | 22 (4.2) | 16.04 (2) | <.001* |
Note.
1
The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire.
2
Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale.
3
Psychological Sense of School Membership.
4
Multicultural Events Scale for Urban Adolescents.
5
Lifetime prevalence.