Table 5.
Age-, gender- and social-class-related BSI-18 differences
| BSI-18 Scales | Somatization | Depression | Anxiety | General Symptom Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age-related differences | ||||
| 60–64 (N = 192) | 1.97 ± 2.78 | 1.98 ± 3.12 | 1.74 ± 2.96 | 5.70 ± 8.01 |
| 65–69 (N = 221) | 1.89 ± 2.65 | 1.56 ± 2.90 | 1.40 ± 2.47 | 4.85 ± 7.15 |
| 70–74 (N = 219) | 2.25 ± 2.98 | 1.98 ± 3.25 | 1.31 ± 2.36 | 5.54 ± 7.71 |
| 75–79 (N = 133) | 2.53 ± 3.15 | 2.70 ± 3.86 | 1.71 ± 2.92 | 6.93 ± 8.65 |
| ≥ 80 (N = 119) | 3.89 ± 3.75 | 2.43 ± 3.84 | 1.82 ± 3.14 | 8.14 ± 9.38 |
| F, df, p-value, effect size | F = 10.03, p < .0001, η2 = .04 | F = 2.89, p < .02, η2 = .01 | F = 1.24, p < .29 | F = 3.94, p < .004, η2 = .02 |
| Gender-related differences | ||||
| Male (N = 402) | 2.34 ± 2.99 | 1.78 ± 3.22 | 1.42 ± 2.72 | 5.54 ± 7.90 |
| Female (N = 482) | 2.38 ± 3.13 | 2.27 ± 3.42 | 1.66 ± 2.73 | 6.31 ± 8.23 |
| Sum (N = 884) | 2.36 ± 3.07 | 2.04 ± 3.34 | 1.55 ± 2.72 | 5.96 ± 8.08 |
| t, p-value | t = −0.20 | t = −2.18, p < .03 | t = −1.29, p <,20 | t = −1.41, p < .16 |
| Social-class-related differences | ||||
| Lower class (N = 427) | 2.80 ± 3.38 | 2.52 ± 3.73 | 1.83 ± 3.10 | 7.15 ± 9.06 |
| Middle class (N = 336) | 2.04 ± 2.76 | 1.69 ± 3.03 | 1.37 ± 2.46 | 5.09 ± 7.34 |
| Upper class (N = 121) | 1.72 ± 2.46 | 1.36 ± 2.35 | 1.11 ± 1.71 | 4.18 ± 5.35 |
| F, p-value, effect size | F = 9.15, p < .0001, η2 = .02 | F = 8.98, p < .0001, η2 = .02 | F = 4.64, p < .01, η2 = .01 | F = 9.71, p < .0001, η2 = .02 |