Table 2.

Estimated annual burden of herpes zoster in the Netherlands among ≥50-year-olds using January 2017 population data. The 95%-credibility intervals were based on a probabilistic sensitivity analysis using 10,000 Monte-Carlo simulations

	Age group					Total	95% CrI−	95% CrI+
	50–59 years	60–69 years	70–79 years	80–89 years	≥ 90 years
Population	2,473,222	2,083,983	1,379,744	641,923	121,068	6,699,940
Health outcomes
HZ cases	13,160	16,065	14,772	8557	1614	54,169	52,130	56,174
Hospitalizations	61	101	131	118	22	434	382	489
1-day hospital admissions	88	201	301	181	34	805	734	879
HZ deaths	0	0	1	6	7	15	9	21
PHN cases	289	1179	1084	628	118	3298	2474	4118
LYs lost	4	7	16	39	27	93	56	144
QALYs lost	531	941	873	530	116	2992	2418	3771
Costs (€, millions)
Healthcare costs	2.27	3.50	3.37	1.91	0.23	11.28	9.57	13.43
GP visits, medication, specialist visits	2.08	3.12	2.93	1.70	0.32	10.14	8.49	12.25
Hospitalizations	0.18	0.37	0.48	0.53	0.10	1.66	1.41	1.93
1-day hospital admissions	0.02	0.06	0.08	0.05	0.01	0.23	0.21	0.25
Averted costs due to HZ preterm mortalitya	− 0.02	− 0.04	− 0.12	− 0.37	− 0.20	− 0.75	− 1.12	− 0.46
Non-healthcare costs	5.02	2.28	0.25	0.14	0.03	7.73	5.85	9.83
Travel costs	0.14	0.20	0.19	0.11	0.02	0.66	0.54	0.80
OTC medication	0.04	0.07	0.06	0.04	0.01	0.22	0.18	0.26
Productivity loss	4.84	2.01	–	–	–	7.44	4.99	11.81
Total costs	7.29	5.78	3.62	2.05	0.26	19.59	16.33	24.62

CrI credibility interval, GP general practitioner, HZ herpes zoster, LY life year, OTC over-the-counter, PHN post-herpetic neuralgia, QALY quality-adjusted life year

^aAverted healthcare costs due to HZ-related preterm mortality were estimated using the life expectancy and annual treatment costs per year from a standardized tool [40]