Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants
| Variables | Current users (n = 142) | In treatment for substance use disorder (n = 187) | p-value* | Test value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quantitative measures | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | ||
| Age | 34.49 ± 9.63 | 34.81 ± 9.00 | 0.76** | −0.29 |
| Duration of drug usage (year) | 9.77 ± 8.86 | 11.19 ± 6.83 | 0.93** | 1.11 |
| Age of starting cigarette (year) | 17.82 ± 5.43 | 17.55 ± 4.68 | 0.67** | 0.42 |
| Amount of drug used (times per day) | 2.53 ± 2.26 | 2.89 ± 3.15 | 0.34** | |
| Qualitative measures | N(%) | N(%) | ||
| Marital statues | ||||
| Single | 59 (42.14) | 80 (43.72) | 0.77 | 0.08 |
| Married | 81 (57.86) | 103 (56.28) | ||
| Number of sisters | ||||
| No sister | 6 (4.58) | 9 (5.52) | 0.47 | 1.47 |
| 1 | 28 (21.37) | 26 (15.95) | ||
| ≥2 | 97 (74.05) | 128 (78.53) | ||
| Number of brothers | ||||
| No brother | 4 (2.99) | 5 (2.96) | 0.44 | 1.63 |
| 1 | 19 (14.18) | 16 (9.47) | ||
| ≥2 | 111 (82.84) | 148 (87.57) | ||
| Education | ||||
| Illiterate/primary | 29 (22.31) | 21 (11.54) | 0.006 | 14.47 |
| Secondary | 39 (30.00) | 63 (34.62) | ||
| High | 6 (4.62) | 22 (12.09) | ||
| Diploma | 34 (26.15) | 58 (31.87) | ||
| University | 22 (16.92) | 18 (9.89) | ||
| Criminal history | ||||
| No | 55 (55.00) | 73 (51.77) | 0.62 | 0.24 |
| Yes | 45 (45.00) | 68 (48.23) | ||
| Living with spouse (if married) | ||||
| No | 65 (80.25) | 70 (65.42) | 0.02 | 5.00 |
| Yes | 16 (19.75) | 37 (34.58) | ||
| Dependence among relatives | ||||
| No | 77 (62.60) | 124 (75.15) | 0.02 | 5.26 |
| Yes | 46 (37.40) | 41 (24.85) | ||
| Mother’s education | ||||
| Illiterate | 20 (19.42) | 33 (22.76) | 0.77 | 0.51 |
| Primary/ secondary | 14 (13.59) | 21 (14.48) | ||
| High school/university | 69 (66.99) | 91 (62.76) | ||
| Father’s education | ||||
| Illiterate | 20 (18.35) | 48 (31.79) | 0.005 | 10.54 |
| Primary/ secondary | 18 (16.51) | 35 (23.18) | ||
| High school/university | 71 (65.14) | 68 (45.03) | ||
| Mother’s job | ||||
| House holder | 114 (94.21) | 158 (96.93) | 0.26 | 1.26 |
| Employed | 7 (5.79) | 5 (3.07) | ||
| Lived with family when was/is single | ||||
| Lived alone | 41 (30.15) | 46 (26.14) | 0.43 | 0.61 |
| Living with parents | 95 (69.85) | 130 (73.86) | ||
| Do you Smoke | ||||
| No | 38 (27.14) | 18 (10.00) | < 0.001 | 16.03 |
| Yes | 102 (72.86) | 162 (90.00) | ||
| Family were aware of your dependence? | ||||
| No | 60 (62.50) | 84 (54.55) | 0.21 | 1.53 |
| Yes | 36 (37.50) | 70 (45.45) | ||
* Based on Chi-squire test; **Based on student t-test