Figure 5.

Suppressions of Zn²⁺-mediated inductions of ROS, p67, and PARP-1in C6 astroglial cells. (A, B) C6 cells were treated with Zn²⁺ (50 μM) for 12 or 24 h with or without pre-treating GAS (50 or 100 μM) for 6 h, and intracellular ROS productions were measured using CM-H2DCFDA. (C) Protein levels of p67 were measured after 6 h of Zn²⁺ treatment (10, 25, 50, 100 μM) and after 50 μM of Zn²⁺ treatment with pre-treating cells with GAS (25, 50, 100 μM) for 6 h. (D-E) PARP-1 and PAR levels were measured at 60 min after Zn²⁺ (25, 50, 100, 200 μM) treatment and at 60 min after 200 μM of Zn²⁺ treatment with pre-treating GAS (25, 50, 100 μM) for 6 h prior to Zn²⁺ treatment. (F) NAD levels were measured in C6 cells at 6 h after Zn²⁺-treatment (200 μM, 15 min) with or without GAS pre-treatment (50 or 100 μM, 6 h). Quantitative data are presented as means ± SEMs. **p < 0.01 versus Zn²⁺-treated controls. The scale bar represents 50 μm.