. 2019 Jan 15;275:152–157. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.060

Table 2.

Pre-exercise, post-exercise and recovery-exercise systolic BP and cardiovascular structure (sex-pooled analyses).

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5	Model 6	Model 7
	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP	β (95% CI) per 5 mm Hg of systolic BP
A. Pre-exercise systolic BP
LV Mass, g (n = 1768)	4.883 (4.359, 5.407)^a	4.884 (4.359, 5.408)^a	4.857 (4.335, 5.378)^a	1.253 (0.816, 1.690)^a	0.729 (0.324, 1.133)^a	0.617 (0.173, 1.061)^a	0.541 (−0.022, 1.105)
LVMI, g/m^2.7 (n = 1756)	0.568 (0.464, 0.671)^a	0.568 (0.464, 0.671)^a	0.555 (0.456, 0.655)^a	0.339 (0.226, 0.452)^a	0.216 (0.110, 0.323)^a	0.191 (0.076, 0.307)^a	0.145 (−0.002, 0.293)
LA size, cm (n = 1603)	0.038 (0.031, 0.045)^a	0.038 (0.031, 0.045)^a	0.038 (0.031, 0.045)^a	0.012 (0.005, 0.020)^a	0.004 (−0.003, 0.011)	0.000 (−0.002, 0.013)	0.010 (0.000, 0.019)
RWT (n = 1768)	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.001 (−0.001, 0.002)
Aortic PWV, m/s (n = 2965)	0.068 (0.060, 0.077)^a	0.068 (0.059, 0.077)^a	0.069 (0.060, 0.078)^a	0.041 (0.032, 0.050)^a	0.043 (0.033, 0.052)^a	0.037 (0.030, 0.045)^a	0.015 (0.002, 0.027)^a
cIMT, mm (n = 3687)	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.002)^a	0.000 (0.000, 0.001)
B. Post-exercise systolic BP
LV Mass, g (n = 1747)	2.357 (1.908, 2.806)^a	2.357 (1.908, 2.807)^a	2.239 (1.784, 2.695)^a	1.094 (0.771, 1.417)^a	0.481 (0.174, 0.789)^a	0.411 (0.096, 0.725)^a	0.301 (−0.067, 0.668)
LVMI, g/m^2.7 (n = 1734)	0.383 (0.298, 0.468)^a	0.383 (0.299, 0.468)^a	0.302 (0.219, 0.385)^a	0.295 (0.212, 1.379)^a	0.152 (0.071, 0.232)^a	0.131 (0.049, 0.213)^a	0.092 (−0.003, 0.188)
LA size, cm (n = 1580)	0.023 (0.017, 0.029)^a	0.023 (0.017, 0.029)^a	0.018 (0.012, 0.024)^a	0.014 (0.008, 0.019)^a	0.004 (−0.002, 0.009)	0.004 (−0.001, 0.009)	0.005 (−0.001, 0.011)
RWT (n = 1747)	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.001 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.002)	0.001 (0.000, 0.002)
Aortic PWV, m/s (n = 2902)	0.038 (0.030, 0.045)^a	0.037 (0.030, 0.045)^a	0.044 (0.036, 0.051)^a	0.026 (0.019, 0.033)^a	0.029 (0.022, 0.037)^a	0.029 (0.021, 0.037)^a	0.010 (0.001, 0.019)^a
cIMT, mm (n = 3607)	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)	0.001 (0.001, 0.001)^a	0.000 (0.000, 0.001)	0.000 (0.000, 0.001)	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)	0.000 (0.000, 0.001)
C. Recovery-exercise systolic BP
LV Mass, g (n = 1708)	3.984 (3.439, 4.530)^a	3.986 (3.440, 4.531)^a	3.872 (3.325, 4.420)^a	1.246 (0.826, 1.666)^a	0.513 (0.119, 0.908)^a	0.417 (0.010, 0.825)^a	0.226 (−0.266, 0.718)
LVMI, g/m^2.7 (n = 1695)	0.534 (0.430, 0.639)^a	0.381 (0.295, 0.466)^a	0.466 (0.365, 0.568)^a	0.356 (0.248, 0.464)^a	0.185 (0.082, 0.287)^a	0.159 (0.053, 0.265)^a	0.111 (−0.017, 0.239)
LA size, cm (n = 1543)	0.032 (0.025, 0.040)^a	0.032 (0.025, 0.039)^a	0.027 (0.020, 0.035)^a	0.013 (0.006, 0.020)^a	0.001 (−0.006, 0.008)	0.001 (−0.006, 0.008)	0.001 (−0.008, 0.010)
RWT (n = 1708)	0.002 (0.002, 0.003)^a	0.003 (0.002, 0.004)^a	0.003 (0.002, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.003)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.003)
Aortic PWV, m/s (n = 2846)	0.068 (0.058, 0.077)^a	0.068 (0.058, 0.077)^a	0.071 (0.062, 0.081)^a	0.043 (0.033, 0.052)^a	0.045 (0.036, 0.055)^a	0.047 (0.037, 0.057)^a	0.024 (0.011, 0.036)^a
cIMT, mm (n = 3531)	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.002 (0.001, 0.002)^a	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)	0.001 (0.000, 0.001)	0.000 (0.000, 0.001)

Results presented as unit change (β) in outcome per 5 mm Hg increase in systolic BP. LV, left-ventricular; LA, left-atrial; RWT, relative wall thickness; cIMT, carotid intima media thickness; PWV, pulse wave velocity. Model 1 - univariable; Model 2 - adjusted for age (years); Model 3 - model 2 plus adjustment for total body fat mass (kg); Model 4 - model 2 plus adjustment for lean mass (kg); Model 5 - model 2 plus adjustment for total body fat mass (kg) and total lean mass (kg); Model 6 - model 5 plus adjustment for hypertension status (resting SBP and/or DBP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg - yes/no); Model 7 - model 5 plus adjustment for office resting SBP.

Indicates confidence intervals do not cross zero.