Table 4.
Risk of all‐cause hospitalisation or death of patients with a history of hospitalisation for alcohol‐related problems initiating approved drugs (acamprosate, naltrexone, nalmefene) or baclofen for alcohol use disorders
| Approved drugs | Baclofen | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All doses | Doses (mg/day) over timea | |||||
| Outcomes | < 30 | 30‐75 | 75‐180 | ≥ 180 | ||
| All‐cause hospitalisation | ||||||
| N | 4679 | 1268 | 307 | 533 | 327 | 101 |
| Gender‐age standardised incidence per 1000 p.y. | 540 | 574 | 576 | 563 | 567 | 843 |
| Gender‐age adjusted HR (95%CI) | 1 | 1.10 (1.03‐1.17) | 1.03 (0.92‐1.16) | 1.06 (0.97‐1.16) | 1.14 (1.02‐1.27) | 1.53 (1.26‐1.87) |
| HRf b (95%CI) | 1 | 1.15 (1.08‐1.23) | 1.10 (0.97‐1.23) | 1.11 (1.01‐1.21) | 1.19 (1.06‐1.34) | 1.60 (1.31‐1.95) |
| All‐cause mortality | ||||||
| N | 156 | 46 | 11 | 23 | 7 | 5 |
| Gender‐age standardised incidence per 1000 p.y. | 18.0 | 21.1 | 18.9 | 24.4 | 11.3 | 34.2 |
| Gender‐age adjusted HR (95%CI), | 1 | 1.20 (0.86‐1.67) | 1.09 (0.59‐2.00) | 1.37 (0.88‐2.12) | 0.75 (0.35‐1.60) | 2.40 (0.98‐5.88) |
| HRf b (95%CI) | 1 | 1.37 (0.96‐1.95) | 1.28 (0.69‐2.40) | 1.55 (0.98‐2.45) | 0.84 (0.39‐1.82) | 2.72 (1.10‐6.72) |
HR: Hazard Ratio. CI: confidence interval. p.y.: person‐year.
a
Time‐varying mean daily dose of baclofen during follow‐up
b
HR fully adjusted for age, gender, deprivation index, speciality of the physician who initiated treatment, psychiatric drugs, history of comorbidity, and year of inclusion in the study.