Figure 2.

Simulated demographic models. Selection events, where applicable, occurred within $2N$ generations of sampling, indicated by small black bars on the right side of (A–C) corresponding to selection 4000, 2000, 1000, and 400 generations before sampling. (A) Constant-size model. Diploid population size is ${10}^4$ individuals throughout the time of simulation. (B) Model of recent population expansion. Diploid population size starts at ${10}^4$ individuals and doubles to 2 × 10⁴ individuals 1920 generations ago. (C) Model of a recent strong population bottleneck. Diploid population size starts at 10⁴ individuals and contracts to 550 individuals 1200 generations ago, and subsequently expands 880 generations ago to 10⁴ individuals. (D) View of the final 3000 generations across demographic models, highlighting the effects of changing demographic factors on simulated populations.