Table 2.
Incidence rates and NNTB/NNTH of the different CV outcomes (exposure to SGLT2‐Is), including risk of amputations
| Study | MACE | All‐cause mortality | HHF | BKAs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence ratea | NNTB | Incidence ratea | NNTB | Incidence ratea | NNTB | Incidence ratea | NNTH | |
| UK cohort (dapagliflozin vs. non‐SGLT2‐Is)16 | 1.338b | NC | 0.527b | 259 | / | / | / | / |
| Swedish cohort (dapagliflozin only vs. insulin)17 | 1.68 | 95 | 0.98 | 66 | / | / | / | / |
| US cohort (canagliflozin vs. DPP4‐Is)15 | 0.99 | 2523 | 0.07 | 5889 | 0.89 | 535 | / | / |
| EASEL (SGLT2‐Is vs. non‐SGLT2‐Is)14 | 2.31 | 55 | 1.29 | 62 | 0.51 | 158 | 0.17 | 743 |
| CVD‐REAL (SGLT2‐Is vs. non‐SGLT2‐Is)10 | 0.89 | 166 | 0.52 | 211 | 0.36 | 681 | / | / |
| CVD‐REAL Nordic (SGLT2‐Is vs. non‐SGLT2‐is)11 | 1.64 | 206 | 1.05 | 76 | 0.98 | 220 | / | / |
| CVD‐REAL Nordic (dapagliflozin vs. DDP4‐Is)12 | 1.86 | 187 | 1.03 | 108 | 0.99 | 169 | / | / |
| CVD‐REAL 2 (SGLT2‐Is vs. non‐SGLT2‐Is)13 | 1.91 | 151 | 0.80 | 173 | 1.23 | 333 | / | / |
| OBSERVE‐4D (canagliflozin vs. select non‐SGLT2‐Is)24 | / | / | / | / | 1.18 | 58 | 0.45 | NC |
| OBSERVE‐4D (SGLT2‐Is vs. select non‐SGLT2‐Is)24 | / | / | / | / | 0.96 | 104 | 0.42 | NC |
BKAs, atraumatic below‐knee lower extremity amputations; DPP4‐Is, dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors; NNTB, number needed to treat to benefit; NNTH, number needed to treat to harm.
/: not available.
NC: not calculated because no statistically significant difference emerged between exposed and unexposed group.
a
Data expressed × 100 person‐years.
b
Data for low‐risk population (see Table 1 for the definition of MACE, which in this case was defined as incident cardiovascular disease).