Table 1.

Classification of Pituitary Hormone–Dependent Sex-Biased Genes

Class	Number of Genes (%)	Response in MHx	Response in FHx	Gene Subclass	Number of Genes	Examples
Male class I	152 (78)	Down	—	IA	83	Ces2b, Pitx3, Mup20
		Down	Down	IB	65	Ugt2b38, Cyp7b1, Elovl3
		Down	Up	IC	4	Cyp2d9, Cyp4a12b
Male class II	43 (22)	—	Up	IIA	29	Cyp4a12a, Nox4, Sstr2
		Up	Up	IIB	14	Serpina7, Susd4, Snhg11
Female class I	84 (38)	—	Down	IA	48	Cyp3a16, Fmo3, A1bg, Cux2
		Down	Down	IB	24	Cyp3a41a, Cyp2c69, Cyp2c40
		Up	Down	IC	12	Sult3a1, Sult2a1, Cyp2a4
Female class II	138 (62)	Up	—	IIA	101	Sult2a5, Cyp2b9, Hao2
		Up	Up	IIB	37	Sult2a6, Cyp2b13, Acot3

Of 530 sex-biased genes, 417 respond to hypophysectomy at |fold change| > 2 and an adjusted P value of <0.05 in either male or female mouse liver. Those genes are classified based on their response to hypophysectomy in male and female liver, as shown. Class I sex-biased genes are those that are downregulated by hypophysectomy in the sex where they show the higher expression in intact mice. Class II sex-biased genes are those that are upregulated by hypophysectomy in the sex where they show the lower expression in intact mice. Subclasses A, B, and C indicate the response to hypophysectomy in the dominant sex (class II genes) or in the opposite sex (class I genes), as indicated. See Supplemental Table 3 for a complete listing of genes.

Abbreviations: FHx, hypophysectomized female; MHx, hypophysectomized male; —, no significant change in expression.