Table 4.
Relative Risk of Incident Composite CVD by Baseline and 1-Year Changes in Arginine/ADMA Ratio and Arginine Availability: HRs (95% CI) for Traits as Continuous Variables and by Quartile Levels
|
Baseline (n = 984, cases = 231)
|
1-Year Change (n = 926, cases = 177)
a
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arginine/ADMA Ratio | Global Arginine Availability Score b | Arginine/ADMA Ratio | Global Arginine Availability Score | |
| Model 1 | ||||
| Trait as continuous variable, per SD | ||||
| HR (95% CI) | 0.79 (0.66–0.94) | 0.82 (0.66–0.98) | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 0.97 (0.81–1.15) |
| P | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.70 | 0.70 |
| Trait in quartile categories, as compared with Q1 (reference) | ||||
| Q2 | 0.54 (0.35–0.83) | 0.49 (0.32–0.77) | 1.30 (0.78–2.16) | 1.06 (0.63–1.81) |
| Q3 | 0.54 (0.35–0.84) | 0.65 (0.43–0.98) | 0.90 (0.53–1.54) | 1.25 (0.75–2.08) |
| Q4 | 0.66 (0.44–1.01) | 0.66 (0.43–1.01) | 1.10 (0.66–1.83) | 0.95 (0.56–1.62) |
| P trend | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.91 | 1.00 |
| Model 2 | ||||
| Trait as continuous variable, per SD | ||||
| HR (95% CI) | 0.80 (0.67–0.96) | 0.83 (0.69–0.999) | 1.05 (0.97–1.27) | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) |
| P | 0.02 | 0.048 | 0.63 | 0.72 |
| Trait in quartile categories, as compared with Q1 (reference) | ||||
| Q2 | 0.55 (0.35–0.86) | 0.48 (0.30–0.76) | 1.29 (0.76–2.18) | 1.05 (0.61–1.81) |
| Q3 | 0.56 (0.36–0.88) | 0.69 (0.45–1.05) | 0.89 (0.52–1.55) | 1.24 (0.74–2.10) |
| Q4 | 0.69 (0.45–1.06) | 0.71 (0.45–1.10) | 1.10 (0.66–1.84) | 0.96 (0.56–1.65) |
| P trend | 0.12 | 0.35 | 0.92 | 0.95 |
Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, family history of CHD, smoking status, and body mass index and was stratified by intervention group. Model 2 was adjusted as for model 1, plus baseline hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes.
Abbreviation: Q, quartile.
a
Fifty-eight individuals who provided blood samples at baseline but not at 1 year were not included.
b
Arginine availability score = arginine/(citrulline + ornithine).