Table 1.

Differentiating characteristics of drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) versus tardive dyskinesia (TD)

Characteristic	DIP	TD
Onset	Immediate (hours–days–weeks) after initiation of an antipsychotic or after dose is increased	Delayed (months–years) after initiation of an antipsychotic
Motor symptoms observed	Rhythmic tremor, rigidity, shuffling gait; akathisia may be present	Arrhythmic movements (generally choreo-athetoid) of the face, trunk and extremities
Immediate (hours–days–weeks) effects of increasing antipsychotic dose	Worsens	Improves
Immediate (hours–days–weeks) effects of decreasing antipsychotic dose	Improves	Worsens
Effects of anticholinergic medications (e.g., benztropine)	Improves	Can worsen
Pharmacotherapeutic treatment options	Anticholinergics (for example, benztropine), amantadine	VMAT2 inhibitors (tetrabenazine, valbenazine, deutetrabenazine), Ginkgo biloba, clonazepam, amantadine

VMAT2 vesicular monoamine transporter 2