Table 3.

Results of meta-analyses and test of publication bias on embryos

Outcomes	Study type	No. of studies	Events/Total		RR, 95%CI, P	Test of Heterogeneity		Tests of Publication Bias
			Closed	Open	Random	I2 (%)	P	Begg’s P	Egger’s P
Cryosurvival rate	Prospective	4	621/724	803/895	0.98, [0.96, 1.01], 0.29	0%	0.42	0.734	0.612
	Retrospective	3	770/805	959/1013	1.00, [0.97, 1.03], 0.88	58%	0.09	1.000	0.940
Positive βHCG rate	Prospective	2	115/222	114/211	0.96, [0.80, 1.14], 0.64	0%	0.77	1.000	NA
Implantation rate	Prospective	3	160/535	196/590	0.98, [0.83, 1.15], 0.80	0%	0.93	1.000	0.798
	Retrospective	4	333/839	444/1071	0.97, [0.81, 1.17], 0.76	53%	0.09	0.308	0.805
Cancellation rate	Retrospective	2	9/321	9/267	0.75, [0.18, 3.04], 0.69	30%	0.23	1.000	NA
Clinical pregnancy rate	Prospective	3	134/304	226/432	0.89, [0.76, 1.05], 0.17	0%	0.91	1.000	0.613
	Retrospective	4	280/513	374/577	0.96, [0.79, 1.17], 0.69	61%	0.05	0.734	0.790
Ongoing pregnancy rate	Prospective	3	133/319	160/369	0.98, [0.82, 1.16], 0.79	0%	1.00	1.000	0.682
	Retrospective	2	114/312	105/258	0.96, [0.71, 1.29], 0.77	50%	0.16	1.000	NA
Miscarriage rate	Prospective	2	4/93	8/94	0.60, [0.11, 3.31], 0.56	43%	0.18	1.000	NA
	Retrospective	3	61/276	76/360	1.07 [0.79, 1.46], 0.66	0%	0.71	1.000	0.337
Live birth rate	Prospective	2	123/287	193/415	0.96, [0.81, 1.15], 0.69	0%	0.71	1.000	NA
	Retrospective	4	217/513	313/577	0.88 [0.71, 1.10], 0.26	48%	0.12	0.308	0.163
Babies born/ transferred blastocysts	Retrospective	2	114/438	124/420	0.82 [0.65, 1.02], 0.09	0%	0.48	1.000	NA
Multiple birth rate	Retrospective	3	30/293	21/357	0.95 [0.41, 2.24], 0.92	52%	0.13	1.000	0.831

NA not applicable, RR risk ratio