Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the overall sample used for analysis.
| Demographics | HC | SZ | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of subjects | Discovery data Cohort1 | 455 | 450 | ||
| PKUH6 | 98 | 76 | 0.083⁎ | ||
| HLG | 51 | 60 | |||
| HMS | 78 | 66 | |||
| HMG | 64 | 59 | |||
| XJ | 37 | 52 | |||
| RWU | 60 | 49 | |||
| ZMD | 67 | 88 | |||
| Replication data Cohort2 | WUXI | 87 | 79 | ||
| Gender | Cohort1 | F/M | 232/223 | 218/232 | 0.39 |
| Cohort2 | F/M | 40/47 | 36/43 | 0.96 | |
| pp-value | 0.67 | 0.65 | |||
| Age (y) | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | 28.7 ± 6.92 | 27.8 ± 6.93 | 0.05 |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | 39.90 ± 14.8 | 40.2 ± 12.8 | 0.14 | |
| pp-value | 1.49e-09 | 2.22e-16 | |||
| Chlorpromazine Equivalent | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | NA | 411.1 ± 205.4a | |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | NA | 670.96 ± 367.19b | ||
| pp-value | NA | 8.24e-6 | |||
| Duration of illness | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | NA | 4.09 ± 4.41 | |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | NA | 14.73 ± 11.64 | ||
| pp-value | NA | 2.11e-11 | |||
| PANSS positive | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | NA | 24.12 ± 4.13 | |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | NA | 21.97 ± 5.37 | ||
| pp-value | NA | 0.0012 | |||
| PANSS negative | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | NA | 20.21 ± 6.14 | |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | NA | 22.96 ± 4.47 | ||
| pp-value | NA | 6.27e-6 | |||
| PANSS general | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | NA | 39.56 ± 7.06 | |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | NA | 43.18 ± 6.25 | ||
| pp-value | NA | 1.42e-5 | |||
| PANSS total | Cohort1 | Mean ± SD | NA | 83.66 ± 12.94 | |
| Cohort2 | Mean ± SD | NA | 87.00 ± 14.34 | ||
| pp-value | 0.05 |
Note: Chlorpromazine equivalent = Chlorpromazine total (standardized current dose of antipsychotic medication). The p-value represents the result of chi-square test for gender and two sample t-test for age. * represents the ANOVA results of comparing the distribution of HC and SZ along the seven sites. The pp-value indicates the difference of gender, age, chlopromazine equivalent, duration of illness and PANSS scores in HC or SZ between cohort 1 and cohort 2. F: female; M: male; NA: not applicable; PKUH6: Peking University sixth Hospital; HLG: Huilongguan Hospital; HMS: Henan Mental Hospital Siemens scanning site; HMG: Henan Mental Hospital GE scanning site; XJ: Xijing Hospital; ZMD: Zhumadian Psychiatric Hospital; RWU: Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; WX: Wuxi Mental Health Center.
Medication information was only collected from 243 out of 450 patients.
Medication information was collected from 56 out of 79 patients. The other 23 patients are drug-naive patients.