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. 2018 Sep 23;15(9):1215–1227. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2018.1521210

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© 2018 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.

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min Q (U) = | |X - U U^{T} X| |^{2}, s . t . U_{i j} \geq 0

(5)