Table 2.
Association of quintiles of dietary magnesium intake (range and mean quintile intake) and blood pressure and total cholesterol (means and SE) in 4443 men and women, aged 40-75 years in EPIC-Norfolk cohort (1993-1997).
| Men | Dietary Magnesium Intake | ||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | |||
|
85-242 mg 206 mg n=400 |
243-284 mg 266 mg n=400 |
285-328 mg 307 mg n=400 |
329-385 mg 355 mg n=400 |
386-829 456 mg n=400 |
P for trend | ||
| SBP | Unadjusted | 143 (±0.98) | 140 (±0.97) | 140 (±0.88) | 139 (±0.90) | 136 (±0.87) | <0.001 |
| Model 11 | 140 (±0.87) | 139 (±0.86) | 140 (±0.86) | 140 (±0.86) | 139 (±0.87) | 0.64 | |
| Model 22 | 143 (±1.16) | 140 (±0.90)* 3 | 140 (±0.85)* | 138 (±0.89)** | 136 (±1.18)*** | 0.002 | |
| DBP | Unadjusted | 86.1 (±0.58) | 85.9 (±0.60) | 85.4 (±0.57) | 85.2 (±0.56) | 84.1 (±0.56) | 0.008 |
| Model 1 | 85.4 (±0.57) | 85.4 (±0.56) | 85.3 (±0.56) | 85.5 (±0.56) | 85.0 (±0.57) | 0.68 | |
| Model 2 | 87.15 (±0.76) | 86.1 (±0.59) | 85.1 (±0.55)* | 84.9 (±0.58)* | 83.4 (±0.77)** | 0.01 | |
| Women | |||||||
|
48-204 mg 176 mg n=489 |
205-240 mg 223 mg n=489 |
241-274 mg 258 mg n=489 |
275-319 mg 295 mg n=489 |
320-692 mg 374 mg n=488 |
P for trend | ||
| SBP | Unadjusted | 140 (±0.90) | 135 (±0.85) | 137 (±0.93) | 135 (±0.89) | 133 (±0.81) | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 136 (±0.79) | 135 (±0.77) | 137 (±0.77) | 136 (±0.77) | 135 (±0.78) | 0.85 | |
| Model 2 | 137 (±1.07) | 135 (±0.82) | 137 (±0.77) | 135 (±0.81) | 135 (±1.09) | 0.45 | |
| DBP | Unadjusted | 83.5 (±0.51) | 81.5 (±0.50) | 82.4 (±0.55) | 80.9 (±0.53) | 80.7 (±0.48) | <0.001 |
| Model 1 | 82.0 (±0.49) | 81.3 (±0.48) | 82.6 (±0.48) | 81.4 (±0.48) | 81.7 (±0.49) | 0.71 | |
| Model 2 | 82.5 (±0.67) | 81.6 (±0.51) | 82.5 (±0.48) | 81.1 (±0.51) | 81.2 (±0.68) | 0.26 | |
| Men | |||||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | |||
|
85-242 mg 206 mg n=400 |
243-284 mg 266 mg n=400 |
285-328 mg 307 mg n=400 |
329-385 mg 355 mg n=400 |
386-829 456 mg n=400 |
P for trend | ||
| Total Cholesterol |
Unadjusted | 6.21 (±0.06) | 6.16 (±0.06) | 6.02 (±0.05) | 6.05 (±0.06) | 5.91 (±0.05) | <0.001 |
| Model 14 | 6.17 (±0.06) | 6.16 (±0.06) | 6.03 (±0.05) | 6.06 (±0.05) | 5.93 (±0.06)** | 0.001 | |
| Model 25 | 6.18 (±0.07) | 6.16 (±0.06) | 6.03 (±0.05) | 6.06 (±0.06) | 5.94 (±0.07)* | 0.02 | |
| Women | |||||||
|
48-204 mg 176 mg n=489 |
205-240 mg 223 mg n=489 |
241-274 mg 258 mg n=489 |
275-319 mg 295 mg n=489 |
320-692 mg 374 mg n=488 |
P for trend | ||
| Total Cholesterol |
Unadjusted | 6.67 (±0.06) | 6.35 (±0.05) | 6.28 (±0.05) | 6.32 (±0.05) | 6.16 (±0.05) | <0.001 |
| Model 13 | 6.51 (±0.05) | 6.33 (±0.05)* | 6.31 (±0.05)* | 6.36 (±0.05)* | 6.26 (±0.05)** | 0.005 | |
| Model 24 | 6.52 (±0.06) | 6.34 (±0.05)* | 6.31 (±0.05)* | 6.35 (±0.05) | 6.25 (±0.06)* | 0.04 | |
Model 1: age, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, education level, antihypertensive medication use
Model 2: model 1 + baseline MI or diabetes, family history stroke, family history MI, alcohol intake, dietary sodium, potassium, ratio Ca:Mg, total energy and calcium supplement use (including contribution from medication)
Model 1: age, BMI, smoking status, physical activity, education level, baseline MI or diabetes, family history stroke, family history MI, statin medication use
Model 2: model 1 + alcohol, dietary total fat intake, ratio Ca:Mg, total energy and calcium supplement use (including contribution from medication).
P value for significance compared with Q1: *= P value ≤0.05, ** = P value ≤0.005, *** = P value ≤0.001