Table 1.
Characteristics of men and women attending the 3HC of EPIC-Norfolk*
| Variable | Quartiles of Body Mass Index (range, kg/m2) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value | |
| Men (n=3797) | (<24.7) | (24.7-26.7) | (26.7-28.9) | (>28.9) | |
| Age, years | 68.9 (8.3) | 69.7 (8.0) | 69.7 (8.0) | 69.5 (8.1) | 0.09 |
| Height, cm | 174.0 (6.8) | 173.4 (6.6) | 173.6 (6.4) | 173.1 (6.8) | 0.02 |
| Weight, kg | 69.8 (6.9) | 77.5 (6.1) | 83.8 (6.5) | 95.4 (11.1) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.0 (1.4) | 25.7 (0.6) | 27.8 (0.7) | 31.8 (2.9) | <0.001 |
| Waist Circumference, cm | 90.7 (5.8) | 97.3 (4.9) | 102.2 (5.0) | 111.4 (8.1) | <0.001 |
| Grip strength, kg | 38.0 (8.0) | 38.8 (8.0) | 39.5 (8.1) | 40.1 (8.8) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status***, % (n) | |||||
| Never smoker | 51.4 (488) | 46.3 (440) | 42.7 (406) | 35.2 (334) | |
| Ever smoker | 47.9 (455) | 53.0 (503) | 56.7 (538) | 64.4 (612) | <0.001 |
| Physical activity***, % (n) | |||||
| Active | 20.8 (197) | 19.2 (182) | 18.0 (171) | 16.0 (152) | |
| Moderately active | 19.8 (188) | 18.9 (179) | 18.8 (178) | 16.1 (153) | |
| Moderately inactive | 27.7 (263) | 24.9 (236) | 23.6 (224) | 23.4 (222) | |
| Inactive | 30.0 (285) | 35.8 (340) | 38.4 (364) | 42.6 (405) | <0.001 |
| Social Class***, % (n) | |||||
| I-III non-manual | 65.5 (622) | 65.6 (623) | 62.0 (588) | 63.6 (604) | |
| III manual-V | 33.8 (321) | 33.4 (317) | 37.1 (352) | 36.2 (344) | 0.27 |
| Prevalent MI, % (n) | 4.7 (45) | 5.6 (53) | 4.7 (45) | 7.6 (72) | 0.02 |
| Prevalent cancer, % (n) | 9.8 (93) | 8.4 (80) | 10.9 (103) | 8.6 (82) | 0.24 |
| Prevalent stroke, % (n) | 2.5 (24) | 2.8 (27) | 3.2 (30) | 4.2 (40) | 0.18 |
| Alcohol (units/ week)** |
10 (2, 20) |
11 (2, 24) |
12 (4, 22) |
9 (0, 22) |
0.19 |
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | ||
|
Women (n=4644) |
(<23.3) |
(23.3-25.8) |
(25.8-29.0) |
(>29.0) |
|
| Age, years | 67.2 (8.3) | 68.0 (8.0) | 68.8 (8.0) | 68.2 (7.6) | <0.001 |
| Height, cm | 161.5 (6.2) | 160.6 (6.1) | 160.3 (6.2) | 159.7 (6.2) | <0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 56.2 (5.7) | 63.5 (5.2) | 70.3 (5.8) | 84.3 (11.7) | <0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.5 (1.5) | 24.6 (0.7) | 27.3 (0.9) | 33.0 (3.9) | <0.001 |
| Waist Circumference, cm | 77.7 (6.5) | 85.3 (6.1) | 92.1 (6.4) | 103.4 (9.7) | <0.001 |
| Grip strength, kg | 24.1 (5.4) | 24.2 (5.4) | 24.4 (5.5) | 24.7 (5.8) | 0.04 |
| Smoking status***, % (n) | |||||
| Never smoker | 65.7 (763) | 66.6 (773) | 67.1 (779) | 60.2 (699) | |
| Ever smoker | 33.6 (390) | 32.1 (373) | 32.6 (379) | 39.1 (454) | 0.001 |
| Physical activity***, % (n) | |||||
| Active | 20.0 (197) | 13.9 (161) | 12.4 (144) | 11.3 (132) | |
| Moderately active | 20.1 (233) | 15.6 (181) | 16.9 (196) | 14.5 (168) | |
| Moderately inactive | 30.1 (350) | 35.2 (409) | 32.9 (383) | 29.0 (337) | |
| Inactive | 31.6 (367) | 36.9 (428) | 36.9 (428) | 44.1 (512) | <0.001 |
| Social Class***, % (n) | |||||
| I-III non-manual | 71.4 (829) | 66.9 (777) | 64.5 (749) | 62.4 (725) | |
| III manual-V | 27.6 (321) | 31.7 (368) | 34.5 (401) | 36.3 (421) | <0.001 |
| Prevalent MI, % (n) | 1.5 (17) | 2.0 (23) | 1.2 (14) | 3.5 (41) | <0.001 |
| Prevalent cancer, % (n) | 13.8 (160) | 13.1 (152) | 11.6 (135) | 12.1 (140) | 0.18 |
| Prevalent stroke, % (n) | 1.9 (22) | 1.0 (12) | 1.6 (18) | 1.5 (17) | 0.39 |
| Alcohol (units/ week)** |
6 (0, 13) |
4.5 (0, 12) |
4 (0, 12) |
2 (0, 10) |
<0.001 |
*data are presented as means and standard deviations unless otherwise stated; ** Median (inter-quartile range); MI=myocardial infarction; kg: kilograms; m: metres; cm: centimetres; % (n): frequency(number); ***percentages may not add up to 100% due to missing data;