Table 4.
Odds ratios from discrete-time event history models of separation within 10 years of birth, by country
| United States | Norway | Sweden | United Kingdom | Austria | France | Italy | Spain | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Model 1 | ||||||||
| Union-birth trajectoriesa | ||||||||
| CBM (vs. MB) | 1.98** | 1.46 | 1.86 | 1.99 | 3.05* | 0.85 | 1.77 | 4.47** |
| CB (vs. MB) | 4.09*** | 2.12*** | 2.03*** | 5.02*** | 2.94*** | 3.81*** | 5.08*** | 2.43** |
| CB (vs. CBM) | 2.06 | 1.45 | 1.09 | 2.52 | 0.96 | 4.48 | 2.87 | 0.54 |
| 2. Model 2 | ||||||||
| Union-birth trajectoriesa | ||||||||
| CBM (vs. MB) | 0.88 | 1.02 | 1.11 | 1.21 | 2.14* | 0.45 | 2.16 | 4.03† |
| CB (vs. MB) | 2.06*** | 1.53** | 1.67* | 2.70* | 2.35*** | 2.52*** | 3.67† | 1.44 |
| CB (vs. CBM) | 2.34*** | 1.50 | 1.50 | 2.23 | 1.10 | 5.53 | 1.70 | 0.36 |
| Respondent education | ||||||||
| Low/moderate (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| High | 0.59*** | 0.58* | 0.36** | 0.91 | 0.77 | 0.69 | 1.58 | 0.85 |
| Family complexity | ||||||||
| Respondent had prior childless union | 0.85 | 1.09 | 1.10 | 1.97 | 1.12 | 0.79 | 2.41 | 1.78 |
| Respondent or partner had children at union start | 1.56*** | 1.73* | 1.74† | 0.85 | 0.85 | 2.85*** | 5.15* | 2.03† |
| Respondent age at focal birth | ||||||||
| <22 (ref.) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 22–25 | 0.72** | 0.41** | 0.59 | 0.68 | 0.43** | 0.48* | 2.39 | 0.71 |
| 26–29 | 0.45*** | 0.42** | 0.45† | 0.27*** | 0.66 | 0.53* | 2.02 | 0.71 |
| 30+ | 0.42*** | 0.30*** | 0.35* | 0.27** | 0.74 | 0.27*** | 1.39 | 0.29* |
| Months from union start to birth | 0.99* | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99** | 0.99 | 1.01 | 1.01† |
| Couple had another child together (t) | 0.64*** | 0.62† | 0.74 | 0.31*** | 0.54† | 0.35*** | 0.32† | 0.47† |
| Foreign-born | 0.56*** | 0.73 | 1.64 | 0.57 | 1.08 | 1.57 | 0.49 | 1.25 |
| Lived with both biological parents through age 15 | 0.74*** | 0.61* | 0.45** | 0.62† | 0.80 | 0.71 | 0.37 | 0.47† |
| N (union-months) | 244,616 | 64,470 | 40,126 | 34,288 | 44,241 | 44,565 | 41,147 | 66,319 |
Notes: Ns unweighted. All models are weighted using SVY procedures in STATA 12. Union duration (in months from first birth) and union duration-squared are included in Models 1 and 2 but not shown. Comparisons of union-birth trajectories are derived from combining and testing coefficients on cohabiting at birth and married at time t.
Source: Harmonized Histories and the 2006–2010 and 2011–2013 National Survey of Family Growth (women only, under 45 years). Sample is limited to couples with a first child together within 10 years of interview.
MB = married at birth; CBM = cohabiting at birth and married at t following birth; CB = cohabiting at birth without ever marrying.
p < .10;
p < .05;
p < .01;
p < .001 (differences from 1.00)