Table 2.
Changes in diabetes estimates, treatment, and control among US and NYC adults aged 20 years and older, NHANES 2001–2004 and 2011–2014 and NYC HANES 2004 and 2013–2014
| NYC HANES | NHANES | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2004 (%) | 2013–2014 (%) | % change¥ | P value | 2001–2004 (%) | 2011–2014 (%) | % change¥ | P value | |
| Total diabetes prevalence† | 13.4 | 16.0 | 19.4 | 0.089 | 10.5 | 12.3 | 17.1 | 0.006 |
| Proportion diagnosed‡ | 68.3 | 77.3 | 13.2 | 0.234 | 71.7 | 70.8 | − 1.3 | 0.791 |
| Proportion with A1C > 9% [75 mmol/mol]∞ | 26.9 | 18.0 | − 33.1 | 0.269 | 19.1 | 19.5 | 2.1 | 0.929 |
| Proportion controlled (A1C < 7% [53 mmol/mol])∞ | 42.2 | 51.3 | 21.6 | 0.336 | 47.6 | 47.7 | 0.2 | 0.982 |
| Diabetes medication use∞€ | ||||||||
| Insulin | 15.4 | 36.1 | 135.1 | 0.022 | 28.0 | 33.3 | 18.9 | 0.192 |
| Pills only (non-insulin) | 61.0 | 54.9 | − 10.0 | 0.509 | 53.1 | 46.7 | − 12.1 | 0.085 |
| No medication | 23.6 | 8.6 | − 62.3 | 0.023 | 18.9 | 20.0 | 5.8 | 0.755 |
All estimates were age-standardized to the 2000 US population
† Diabetes was defined by FPG ≥ 126 mg/dl or A1C ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or previous diagnosis
‡ Only adults with valid FPG and/or A1C measures were included to calculate proportion diagnosed diabetes
¥ Relative percent change was calculated by dividing the amount of observed change between the survey years by the 2004 value
*P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001
∞Estimate is measured among adults with diagnosed diabetes only
€One participant in 2013–2014 reported using non-insulin injectable diabetes medication only (0.3%), a category not asked in 2004