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. 2018 Dec 7;8:17725. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35854-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(a) Metabolic pathway analysis of salivary VOMs of HNC and control subjects. 1 – propanoate metabolism, 2 - glycolysis or gluconeogenesis, 3 - Pyruvate metabolism, 4–sulphur metabolism, 5 – selenoamino acid metabolism, 6 - taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, 7 - Nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, 8 - synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, (b) Propanoate metabolic pathway. C00163 represents propanoic acid and C00207 represents acetone.