Table 3.

Demographic and clinical measures by neurocognitive assessment outcome (mean±SD)

	NCI	Mild NCD	Major NCD	P values
	(n=92)	(n=49)	(n=37)	(Between-group differences)
Age, years	73.8±8.4*	77.4±8.6*	79.2±5.4†	0.001‡
Gender (ratio M:F)	51:41	28:21	18:19	0.73§
Education (years)	11.2±2.1	10.6±1.7	10.9±3.5	0.12**
PDQ-9	3.9±2.4*	5.2±2.5*	5.1±2.6*	0.006**
EQ-5D	0.72±0.13*-	0.69±0.14*	0.63±0.21*	0.027‡
EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale: %	68.6±13.3*-	64.5±11.9*	62.5±14.2	0.021**
Ischaemic heart disease	64 (69.5)	35 (71.4)	28 (75.6)	0.26
Duration of diabetes (year)	17.2±(10.2)	20.2±(13.4)	17.5±(6.9)	0.29‡
Systolic BP mmol/L	146.6±16.4	147.3±18.2	147.1±15.2	0.65**
Diastolic BP mmol/L	75.5±8.1	76.1±9.6	79.8±7.8	0.06**
Duration of CKD (year)	5.8±3.8	5.9±2.9	6.1±3.1	0.88**
eGFR mL/min	31.1±11.8	31.8±12.1	33.3±12.5	0.22‡
Renal stage	3.5±0.63	3.5±0.61	3.5±0.61	0.11‡
Creatinine µmol/L	180.7±62.1	179.5±62.0	163.6±48.2	0.14**
HbA1c mmol/mol	57.4±14.9*†	65.5±18.9*	55.4±11.3*†	0.005‡
Haemaglobin g/dL	122.1±13.4	122.6±14.8	123.0±13.4	0.89**
Albumin (serum) g/L	36.5±12.4	34.3±3.8	34.6±2.9	0.29**
Cholesterol mmol/L	4.1±0.93	4.4±1.2	4.1±0.98	0.19‡
LDL mmol/L	2.0±0.90	2.3±1.1	1.9±0.91	0.20**
HDL mmol/L	1.4±0.51	1.5±0.78	1.3±0.44	0.49**
Triglyceride mmol/L	1.8±0.92	1.9±1.1	2.0±1.1	0.38**

*Markers indicate significant differences between eGFR stages within the same row. For example, ‘2’ indicates a difference from any other group stage on a particular row and ‘3’ marked on a row are different from any other group not marked ‘3’.

†Means across NCD stages are equal=null hypothesis.

‡Post hoc Games-Howell test calculated if Levene’s test of homogeneity was violated.

§χ² test.

**P values calculated form analysis of variance F test, post hoc Tukey’s HSD.

BP, blood pressure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HSD, honestly significant difference; NCD, neurocognitive disorder; NCI, no cognitive impairment.