Fig. 4.

Association between microbial diversity and hospital mortality within ICU samples. Shannon (a) and Simpson diversity (b) of ETA and GA specimens shaded by hospital mortality demonstrates a significant reduction in the ETA Shannon diversity in the patients deceased in the hospital versus patients discharged alive. Kaplan-Meier survival curves displayed by high and low microbial diversity groups (c). The censored (i.e., discharged alive) patients are indicated by ticks marks. The threshold for grouping by diversity was the median value of the Shannon diversity measurements for the 29 samples included in this analysis. Confidence intervals are represented by the blue and red shaded areas. Numbers of patients included in the analysis and censored are shown per group under the Kaplan-Meier curve