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. 2018 Dec 4;12:2483–2491. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S185052

Table 2.

Direct and indirect medical costs

Mean ± SD

Direct medical costs
 Number of visits per year 10.4±0.8
 Monthly costs, AU$ 232.0±130.1
 Medications/vitamins, AU$ 51.10±29.30
 Assessment and intravitreal procedure, AU$ 199.20±83.10
 Other treatment and consultations, AU$ 120.00±154.60
 Annual mean cost, AU$ 2,784.00±1,560.20
Indirect medical costs
 Travel and parking costs, AU$ 64.80±79.70
 Time spent per visit, hours 4.4±1.7
 Travel time per visit, hours 2.4±1.6
 Caregiver time spent accompanying patient to appointment, hours 6.2±1.1
 Hours per week needing assistance 4.3±3.2
 Annual mean cost of caregivers, AU$ 5,333.58±2,184.20