Table 1.
Bivariate analysis of patient characteristics and antibiotic prescriptions by age-group
| Sample, n (%) (total 1,449) | Pediatric, n (%) (total 269 [18.6]) | Adult, n (%) (total 858 [59.2]) | Elderly, n (%), (total 322 [22.2]) | χ2, P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| Sex | 80.866, <0.05 | ||||
| Male | 521 (36) | 96 (35.7) | 243 (28.3) | 182 (56.5) | |
| Female | 928 (64) | 173 (64.3) | 615 (71.7) | 140 (43.5) | |
| UTI frequency within 3 months | 60.368, <0.001 | ||||
| One | 1,187 (81.9) | 238 (88.5) | 732 (85.3) | 217 (67.4) | |
| Recurrent | 262 (18.1) | 31 (11.5) | 126 (14.7) | 105 (32.6) | |
| Urine-culture request at ED | 2.049, 0.359 | ||||
| Yes | 565 (39) | 115 (42.8) | 325 (37.9) | 125 (38.8) | |
| No | 884 (61) | 154 (57.2) | 533 (62.1) | 197 (61.2) | |
| Result of culture | 9.903, <0.05 | ||||
| Positive | 197 (34.9) | 30 (26.1) | 128 (39.4) | 39 (31.2) | |
| Negative | 368 (65.1) | 85 (73.9) | 197 (60.6) | 86 (68.8) | |
| Antibiotics within 3 months, n | 71.917, <0.001 | ||||
| 1 | 1,187 (81.9) | 238 (88.5) | 732 (85.3) | 217 (67.4) | |
| 2 | 203 (14) | 28 (10.4) | 103 (10.4) | 72 (22.4) | |
| ≥3 | 59 (4.1) | 3 (1.1) | 23 (2.7) | 33 (10.2) | |
| Antibiotic group | 185.472, <0.001 | ||||
| Cephalosporin | 567 (39.1) | 117 (43.5) | 322 (37.5) | 128 (39.8) | |
| Macrolide | 39 (2.7) | 8 (3) | 19 (48.7) | 12 (3.7) | |
| Penicillin | 379 (26.3) | 119 (44.2) | 226 (26.3) | 34 (10.6) | |
| Tetracycline | 3 (0.2) | 0 | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Miscellaneous | 70 (4.8) | 3 (1.1) | 61 (7.1) | 6 (1.9) | |
| Fluoroquinolone | 327 (22.6) | 7 (2.6) | 190 (22.1) | 130 (40.4) | |
| Sulfonamide | 64 (4.4) | 15 (5.6) | 38 (4.4) | 11 (3.4) | |
| Antibiotic spectrum | 46.101, <0.001 | ||||
| Narrow | 206 (14.2) | 66 (24.5) | 124 (14.5) | 16 (5) | |
| Broad | 1,243 (85.8) | 203 (75.5) | 734 (85.5) | 306 (95) | |
Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; UTI, urinary tract infection.