Autophagy is required for GH-IGF1 functions. (a) RT-qPCR analysis of Ghr and Igf1 in WT and atg7Δ nSCs (n ≥ 6 per genotype) and representative immunoblotting analysis of GHR and GADPH, as a loading control, in nSC protein extracts (n ≥ 3 per genotype). * vs WT (* P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001). (b) Myoblasts were switched into differentiation medium (DM) and treated with GH (600 ng/ml) at the beginning (0), after 24 h (24 h) or twice at time 0 and after 24 h (0 h + 24 h) of differentiation and finally harvested at 48 h. Mean number of myonuclei/myotube is calculated. (c) Myoblasts were treated with GH (600 ng/ml) after 24 h of differentiation induction and the mean myotubes diameter is provided. *vs WT untreated control (ctr) nSCs (n = 4 experiments) (* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001). Values are expressed as mean ± SEM.