Table 1:

Common echocardiographic parameters used in the assessment of diastolic function.

Parameter	Definition	Application to DD
E	Mitral flow velocity during early diastole	Representative of the pressure gradient between atrium and ventricle. Related to ventricular relaxation and left atrial pressure.
A	Mitral flow velocity during late diastole	Representative of the pressure gradient between atrium and ventricle. Related to ventricular wall compliance and atrial contractility.
E/A ratio	Ratio between mitral flow velocities during early and late diastole	Representative of filling patterns, with low ratios suggestive of restricted filling and high ratios suggestive of poor relaxation.
e’	Mitral annular velocity during early diastole	Primarily representative of ventricular relaxation. Found to be related to tau, the time constant of ventricular pressure decay.
E/e’ ratio	Ratio between mitral flow and mitral annular velocities during early diastole	Representative of ventricular filling pressures during diastole by correcting for ventricular relaxation.
TR velocity	Peak velocity of tricuspid regurgitation during systole	Representative of left atrial pressures, in absence of pulmonary hypertension.
LAVI	Maximum left atrial volume	Representative of structural changes in the atrium due to increased pressures.

The above information is collected and tabulated from the publication of Nagueh et al. [30]; DD, diastolic dysfunction; TR, tricuspid regurgitation; LAVI, left atrial maximal volume index.