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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Sociol Inq. 2018 Apr 20;88(4):724–748. doi: 10.1111/soin.12228

Table 1.

Demographics of All Study Participants (N=178) and of Respondents Making Prison Analogies (n=67)

All Study Participants N = 178 Prison Analogies N = 67
n % n % within subgroup (denominator = 67)
Gender
Women 47 26.4% 16 23.9%
Men 131 73.6% 51 76.1%
Clinical Trial Experience
1 study 38 21.3% 9 13.4%
2-4 studies 49 27.5% 19 28.4%
5-10 studies 45 25.3% 19 28.4%
11-200 studies 46 25.8% 20 29.9%
Race/Ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white 57 32.0% 25 37.3%
Black/African American 72 40.4% 27 40.3%
American Indian 2 1.1% 1 1.5%
Asian 6 3.4% 0 0
Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 2 1.1% 1 1.5%
More than one race 13 7.3% 4 6.0%
Hispanic1 38 21.3% 14 20.9%
Age
18-21 6 3.4% 2 3.0%
22-29 34 19.1% 13 19.4%
30-39 58 32.6% 29 43.3%
40-49 54 30.3% 16 23.9%
50+ 26 14.6% 7 10.4%
Household Income2
Less than $10,000 30 16.9% 9 13.4%
$10,000 to $24,999 52 29.2% 19 28.4%
$25,000 to $49,999 71 39.9% 30 44.8%
$50,000 to $74,999 13 7.3% 4 6.0%
$75,000 to $99,999 7 3.9% 3 4.5%
$100,000 or more 4 2.2% 2 3.0%
Educational Attainment
Less than high school 12 6.7% 2 3.0%
High school or GED 37 20.8% 15 22.4%
Some college 52 29.2% 24 35.8%
Trade/technical/vocational training 19 10.7% 8 11.9%
Associate’s degree 21 11.8% 7 10.4%
Bachelor’s degree 32 18.0% 10 14.9%
Graduate degree 5 2.8% 1 1.5%
Employment Status3
Full-time/Business owner (self-employed) 45 25.3% 14 20.9%
Part-time/Independent or Irregular Contractor 60 33.7% 19 28.4%
Unemployed/Retired 73 41.0% 34 50.8%
1

The category Hispanic includes all racial groups, of which we have those that identify as white, black, more than one race, and Native American Pacific Islander in our sample.

2

Data for household income was not reported by one participant.

3

These data are based on consolidated definitions of each employment category that we used to standardize self-reported data from participants.